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- EMDB-22515: Structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-22515
TitleStructure of SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5
Map dataFinal post-processed map
Sample
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: water
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell ...Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor ligand activity / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.5 Å
AuthorsTsybovsky Y / Zhou T / Kwong PD
CitationJournal: bioRxiv / Year: 2020
Title: Cryo-EM Structures Delineate a pH-Dependent Switch that Mediates Endosomal Positioning of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domains.
Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 spike employs mobile receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to engage the ACE2 receptor and to facilitate virus entry. Antibodies can engage RBD but some, such as CR3022, fail to inhibit ...The SARS-CoV-2 spike employs mobile receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to engage the ACE2 receptor and to facilitate virus entry. Antibodies can engage RBD but some, such as CR3022, fail to inhibit entry despite nanomolar spike affinity. Here we show the SARS-CoV-2 spike to have low unfolding enthalpy at serological pH and up to 10-times more unfolding enthalpy at endosomal pH, where we observe significantly reduced CR3022 affinity. Cryo-EM structures -at serological and endosomal pH- delineated spike recognition of up to three ACE2 molecules, revealing RBD to freely adopt the 'up' conformation. In the absence of ACE2, single-RBD-up conformations dominated at pH 5.5, resolving into a locked all-down conformation at lower pH. Notably, a pH-dependent refolding region (residues 824-858) at the spike-interdomain interface displayed dramatic structural rearrangements and mediated RBD positioning and spike shedding of antibodies like CR3022. An endosomal mechanism involving spike-conformational change can thus facilitate immune evasion from RBD-'up'-recognizing antibody.
History
DepositionAug 26, 2020-
Header (metadata) releaseNov 25, 2020-
Map releaseNov 25, 2020-
UpdateDec 15, 2021-
Current statusDec 15, 2021Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.008
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
  • Download
  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 0.008
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-7jwy
  • Surface level: 0.008
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
  • Download
Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_22515.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_22515.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 299.1 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationFinal post-processed map
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.87 Å/pix.
x 428 pix.
= 373.644 Å		0.87 Å/pix.
x 428 pix.
= 373.644 Å		0.87 Å/pix.
x 428 pix.
= 373.644 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.873 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.008 / Movie #1: 0.008
Minimum - Maximum-0.07114478 - 0.115682535
Average (Standard dev.)4.5294477e-05 (±0.0013832925)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions428428428
Spacing428428428
CellA=B=C: 373.644 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z0.8730.8730.873
M x/y/z428428428
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z373.644373.644373.644
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ000
NX/NY/NZ256256256
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS428428428
D min/max/mean-0.0710.1160.000

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_22515_msk_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Additional map: Final map before post-processing

Fileemd_22515_additional_1.map
AnnotationFinal map before post-processing
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: First half-map

Fileemd_22515_half_map_1.map
AnnotationFirst half-map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Second half-map

Fileemd_22515_half_map_2.map
AnnotationSecond half-map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5

EntireName: SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5
Components
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: water

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Supramolecule #1: SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5

SupramoleculeName: SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5 / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human) / Recombinant cell: Freestyle 293F
Molecular weightTheoretical: 423 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 140.952531 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: QCVNLTTRTQ LPPAYTNSFT RGVYYPDKVF RSSVLHSTQD LFLPFFSNVT WFHAIHVSGT NGTKRFDNPV LPFNDGVYFA STEKSNIIR GWIFGTTLDS KTQSLLIVNN ATNVVIKVCE FQFCNDPFLG VYYHKNNKSW MESEFRVYSS ANNCTFEYVS Q PFLMDLEG ...String:
QCVNLTTRTQ LPPAYTNSFT RGVYYPDKVF RSSVLHSTQD LFLPFFSNVT WFHAIHVSGT NGTKRFDNPV LPFNDGVYFA STEKSNIIR GWIFGTTLDS KTQSLLIVNN ATNVVIKVCE FQFCNDPFLG VYYHKNNKSW MESEFRVYSS ANNCTFEYVS Q PFLMDLEG KQGNFKNLRE FVFKNIDGYF KIYSKHTPIN LVRDLPQGFS ALEPLVDLPI GINITRFQTL LALHRSYLTP GD SSSGWTA GAAAYYVGYL QPRTFLLKYN ENGTITDAVD CALDPLSETK CTLKSFTVEK GIYQTSNFRV QPTESIVRFP NIT NLCPFG EVFNATRFAS VYAWNRKRIS NCVADYSVLY NSASFSTFKC YGVSPTKLND LCFTNVYADS FVIRGDEVRQ IAPG QTGKI ADYNYKLPDD FTGCVIAWNS NNLDSKVGGN YNYLYRLFRK SNLKPFERDI STEIYQAGST PCNGVEGFNC YFPLQ SYGF QPTNGVGYQP YRVVVLSFEL LHAPATVCGP KKSTNLVKNK CVNFNFNGLT GTGVLTESNK KFLPFQQFGR DIADTT DAV RDPQTLEILD ITPCSFGGVS VITPGTNTSN QVAVLYQDVN CTEVPVAIHA DQLTPTWRVY STGSNVFQTR AGCLIGA EH VNNSYECDIP IGAGICASYQ TQTNSPGSAS SVASQSIIAY TMSLGAENSV AYSNNSIAIP TNFTISVTTE ILPVSMTK T SVDCTMYICG DSTECSNLLL QYGSFCTQLN RALTGIAVEQ DKNTQEVFAQ VKQIYKTPPI KDFGGFNFSQ ILPDPSKPS KRSFIEDLLF NKVTLADAGF IKQYGDCLGD IAARDLICAQ KFNGLTVLPP LLTDEMIAQY TSALLAGTIT SGWTFGAGAA LQIPFAMQM AYRFNGIGVT QNVLYENQKL IANQFNSAIG KIQDSLSSTA SALGKLQDVV NQNAQALNTL VKQLSSNFGA I SSVLNDIL SRLDPPEAEV QIDRLITGRL QSLQTYVTQQ LIRAAEIRAS ANLAATKMSE CVLGQSKRVD FCGKGYHLMS FP QSAPHGV VFLHVTYVPA QEKNFTTAPA ICHDGKAHFP REGVFVSNGT HWFVTQRNFY EPQIITTDNT FVSGNCDVVI GIV NNTVYD PLQPELDSFK EELDKYFKNH TSPDVDLGDI SGINASVVNI QKEIDRLNEV AKNLNESLID LQELGKYEQG SGYI PEAPR DGQAYVRKDG EWVLLSTFLG RSLEVLFQGP GHHHHHHHHS AWSHPQFEKG GGSGGGGSGG SAWSHPQFEK

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Macromolecule #3: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 30 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #4: water

MacromoleculeName: water / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 119 / Formula: HOH
Molecular weightTheoretical: 18.015 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration0.5 mg/mL
BufferpH: 4.5 / Component - Concentration: 0.1 M / Component - Name: acetate
GridModel: Quantifoil R2/2 / Material: GOLD / Mesh: 200 / Support film - Material: CARBON / Support film - topology: HOLEY / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: AIR / Pretreatment - Pressure: 0.039 kPa
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 8003 / Average exposure time: 2.48 sec. / Average electron dose: 40.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 1757450
CTF correctionSoftware - Name: CTFFIND (ver. 4.1.13)
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C3 (3 fold cyclic) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.0.8) / Number images used: 603476
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.0.8)
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.0.8)
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelPDB ID:

6xlu

RefinementSpace: REAL / Protocol: RIGID BODY FIT
Output model

PDB-7jwy:
Structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.5

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