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- PDB-9y68: Full length LRRK2 (G2019S) after symmetry expansion -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9y68
TitleFull length LRRK2 (G2019S) after symmetry expansion
ComponentsLeucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2
KeywordsHYDROLASE / Kinase / Gtpases
Function / homology
Function and homology information


regulation of neuron maturation / caveola neck / : / beta-catenin destruction complex binding / regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve / Wnt signalosome assembly / negative regulation of motile cilium assembly / regulation of kidney size / tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb / regulation of cell projection organization ...regulation of neuron maturation / caveola neck / : / beta-catenin destruction complex binding / regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve / Wnt signalosome assembly / negative regulation of motile cilium assembly / regulation of kidney size / tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb / regulation of cell projection organization / regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway / regulation of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport / GTP-dependent protein kinase activity / regulation of SNARE complex assembly / regulation of neuroblast proliferation / protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum exit site / negative regulation of late endosome to lysosome transport / regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / : / peroxidase inhibitor activity / positive regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway / amphisome / regulation of synaptic vesicle transport / : / regulation of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade / striatum development / negative regulation of autophagosome assembly / co-receptor binding / positive regulation of microglial cell activation / olfactory bulb development / regulation of retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi / negative regulation of GTPase activity / cellular response to curcumin / regulation of locomotion / positive regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis / JUN kinase kinase kinase activity / cytoplasmic side of mitochondrial outer membrane / endoplasmic reticulum organization / regulation of cAMP/PKA signal transduction / negative regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential / multivesicular body, internal vesicle / neuron projection arborization / regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis / positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway / mitochondrion localization / protein localization to mitochondrion / cellular response to dopamine / negative regulation of protein processing / Wnt signalosome / positive regulation of protein autoubiquitination / exploration behavior / GTP metabolic process / regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway / lysosome organization / syntaxin-1 binding / positive regulation of programmed cell death / negative regulation of macroautophagy / PTK6 promotes HIF1A stabilization / Golgi-associated vesicle / clathrin binding / regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis / locomotory exploration behavior / Golgi organization / regulation of mitochondrial fission / intracellular distribution of mitochondria / Lewy body / protein kinase A binding / canonical Wnt signaling pathway / microvillus / neuromuscular junction development / autolysosome / endoplasmic reticulum exit site / Rho protein signal transduction / determination of adult lifespan / MAP kinase kinase kinase activity / JNK cascade / regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis / negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / presynaptic cytosol / cellular response to manganese ion / phagocytic vesicle / neuron projection morphogenesis / positive regulation of autophagy / dendrite cytoplasm / excitatory postsynaptic potential / positive regulation of protein ubiquitination / cellular response to starvation / GTPase activator activity / calcium-mediated signaling / mitochondrion organization / SNARE binding / negative regulation of neuron projection development / cellular response to reactive oxygen species / trans-Golgi network / regulation of protein stability / regulation of membrane potential / tubulin binding / regulation of autophagy
Similarity search - Function
: / : / : / LRRK2 ARM repeat / LRRK2 ANK repeat / LRRK2 beta propeller / : / : / C-terminal of Roc, COR-B domain / C-terminal of Roc (COR) domain ...: / : / : / LRRK2 ARM repeat / LRRK2 ANK repeat / LRRK2 beta propeller / : / : / C-terminal of Roc, COR-B domain / C-terminal of Roc (COR) domain / C-terminal of Roc, COR-A domain / Ras of Complex, Roc, domain of DAPkinase / Roc domain profile. / Roc domain / Leucine-rich repeats, bacterial type / Leucine rich repeat / Leucine-rich repeat, typical subtype / Leucine-rich repeats, typical (most populated) subfamily / Leucine-rich repeat profile. / Leucine-rich repeat / Leucine-rich repeat domain superfamily / Rab subfamily of small GTPases / Ankyrin repeat-containing domain superfamily / Armadillo-like helical / Small GTP-binding protein domain / Armadillo-type fold / Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site / Serine/Threonine protein kinases active-site signature. / Protein kinase domain / Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / Protein kinase, ATP binding site / Protein kinases ATP-binding region signature. / Protein kinase domain profile. / Protein kinase domain / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
GUANOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.25 Å
AuthorsVillagran Suarez, A.C. / Bodrug, T.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Michael J. Fox FoundationASAP-000519 United States
CitationJournal: Cell / Year: 2026
Title: The structural basis for LRRK2's activation and autoinhibition.
Authors: Amalia Villagran Suarez / Kathryn S Hatch / Tatyana Bodrug / Wei Gai / Katherine J Surridge / Elizabeth Moussikhina / Kendrick H V Nguyen / Marta Sanz-Murillo / Robert Callahan / Erica Xiong ...Authors: Amalia Villagran Suarez / Kathryn S Hatch / Tatyana Bodrug / Wei Gai / Katherine J Surridge / Elizabeth Moussikhina / Kendrick H V Nguyen / Marta Sanz-Murillo / Robert Callahan / Erica Xiong / Delisa Ramos / Lawrence Zhu / Verena Dederer / Sebastian Mathea / Janet Iwasa / Stefan Knapp / Kevan M Shokat / Samara L Reck-Peterson / Andres E Leschziner /
Abstract: Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the second most common cause of autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), and increased LRRK2 kinase activity is also observed in idiopathic ...Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the second most common cause of autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), and increased LRRK2 kinase activity is also observed in idiopathic PD, making LRRK2 a major actionable therapeutic target. LRRK2 is a 286-kDa multidomain enzyme containing a Ras-like GTPase (ROC) and a kinase domain. Using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), biochemical reconstitution, and cell-based assays, we show that the ROC GTPase governs switching between autoinhibited and active states: GTP binding promotes activation, whereas GDP binding enforces autoinhibition. Two common PD-linked mutations, G2019S and R1441C/G/H, activate LRRK2 through distinct structural mechanisms, revealing genotype-specific routes to dysregulation. These findings provide a unified framework for understanding LRRK2 regulation with broad therapeutic implications. Stabilizing the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state may inhibit LRRK2 by maintaining autoinhibition, whereas promoting the GTP-bound state could be advantageous in specific cellular contexts, such as the lung, where increased LRRK2 kinase activity may play protective or regulatory roles.
History
DepositionSep 8, 2025Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Aug 12, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Aug 12, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Aug 19, 2026Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_ASTM / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.1Aug 19, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Database references / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata ...EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_ASTM / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)286,8442
Polymers286,4011
Non-polymers4431
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 / Dardarin


Mass: 286400.656 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: G2019S
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: LRRK2, PARK8 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
References: UniProt: Q5S007, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement
#2: Chemical ChemComp-GDP / GUANOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE


Type: RNA linking / Mass: 443.201 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H15N5O11P2 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: GDP, energy-carrying molecule*YM
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Full length LRRK2 (G2019S) after symmetry expansion / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 55 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: TFS FALCON 4i (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARCparticle selection
2PHENIX1.20.1_4487model refinement
3EPUimage acquisition
5cryoSPARCCTF correction
13cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.25 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 83730 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementHighest resolution: 3.25 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00413282
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.84218015
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d5.5061811
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0512123
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0082286

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