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TitleCryo-EM resolves the structure of the archaeal dsDNA virus HFTV1 from head to tail.
Journal, issue, pagesSci Adv, Vol. 11, Issue 40, Page eadx1178, Year 2025
Publish dateOct 3, 2025
AuthorsDaniel X Zhang / Michail N Isupov / Rebecca M Davies / Sabine Schwarzer / Mathew McLaren / William S Stuart / Vicki A M Gold / Hanna M Oksanen / Tessa E F Quax / Bertram Daum /
PubMed AbstractWhile archaeal viruses show a stunning diversity of morphologies, many bear a notable resemblance to tailed bacterial phages. This raises fundamental questions: Do all tailed viruses share a common ...While archaeal viruses show a stunning diversity of morphologies, many bear a notable resemblance to tailed bacterial phages. This raises fundamental questions: Do all tailed viruses share a common origin and do they infect their hosts in similar ways? Answering these questions requires high-resolution structural insights, yet no complete atomic models of archaeal viruses have been available. Here, we present the near-atomic resolution structure of Haloferax tailed virus 1 (HFTV1), an archaeal virus thriving in extreme salinity. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we resolve the architecture and assembly of all structural proteins and capture conformational transitions associated with DNA ejection. Our data reveal genome spooling within the capsid and identify putative receptor-binding and catalytic sites for host recognition and infection. These findings uncover key mechanisms of archaeal virus assembly, principles of virus-host interactions, and evolutionary links connecting archaeal, bacterial, and eukaryotic viruses.
External linksSci Adv / PubMed:41042861 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.342 - 3.6 Å
Structure data

EMDB-18550, PDB-8qpg:
Turret of Haloferax tailed virus 1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.36 Å

EMDB-18559, PDB-8qpq:
C1 turret to capsid interface of full Haloferax tailed virus 1 adjacent to the portal-capsid interface.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.7 Å

EMDB-18599, PDB-8qqn:
Portal protein of full Haloferax tailed virus 1.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.342 Å

EMDB-18633, PDB-8qsi:
Portal protein of empty Haloferax tailed virus 1.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.75 Å

EMDB-18642, PDB-8qsy:
Portal capsid interface of full Haloferax tailed virus 1.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.68 Å

EMDB-50521, PDB-9fkb:
Tail of emppty Haloferax tailed virus 1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.96 Å

EMDB-51530, PDB-9gs0:
Capsid of full Haloferax tailed virus 1 without turret head protein gp31.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.37 Å

EMDB-51866, PDB-9h4p:
Tail of full Haloferax tailed virus 1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.44 Å

EMDB-51883, PDB-9h5b:
Tail fibre of Haloferax tailed virus 1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

EMDB-51915, PDB-9h7v:
The baseplate assembly of Haloferax tailed virus 1.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.6 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-ZN:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-K:
Unknown entry

Source
  • haloferax tailed virus 1
KeywordsVIRUS / Archeal virus / turret / turret capsid interface / Mg ions / Archaeal virus / portal / portal capsid interface / tail / capsid / baseplate / tape measure protein / tail fiber

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