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Structure paper

TitleMolecular mechanisms of receptor recognition and antibody neutralization of coxsackievirus A6.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 17, Issue 1, Page 934, Year 2025
Publish dateDec 18, 2025
AuthorsXianliang Ke / Xue Li / Zeyu Liu / Kexin Liu / Weichi Liu / Xingyu Yan / Bo Shu / Chao Zhang /
PubMed AbstractCoxsackievirus A6 (CVA6), a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease, lacks approved vaccines or drugs. KRM1 is its only known receptor, but its precise role remains unclear. This study ...Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6), a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease, lacks approved vaccines or drugs. KRM1 is its only known receptor, but its precise role remains unclear. This study investigates CVA6's entry mechanism and antibody neutralization. Cryo-EM shows CVA6 clinical strain HeB primarily exists as mature virions. KRM1 binding within the canyon triggers conversion to uncoating intermediate, defining KRM1 as an uncoating receptor for CVA6. However, KRM1 knockout reduces CVA6 infectivity without affecting attachment. Conversely, disrupting heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) impairs both viral attachment and infectivity, and CVA6 virions bind heparin directly. These results support a two-receptor entry model for CVA6: HSPG mediates viral attachment, while KRM1 induces uncoating. Additionally, we develop two CVA6-specific protective antibodies (1F4 and 3H7), targeting a new antigenic site near the three-fold axis of the viral capsid. These antibodies sterically block KRM1 binding and function post-attachment, consistent with KRM1's role. The findings elucidate CVA6 entry and offer a basis for antibody interventions.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41413343 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.11 - 3.33 Å
Structure data

65030

9vfp

EMDB-65030, PDB-9vfp:
Structure of CVA6 empty particle
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.33 Å

65031

9vfq

EMDB-65031, PDB-9vfq:
Structure of mature CVA6 virus
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.23 Å

65032

9vfr

EMDB-65032, PDB-9vfr:
Structure of mature Coxsackievirus A6 virion complexed with its receptor KREMEN1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.55 Å

65034

9vfs

EMDB-65034, PDB-9vfs:
Structure of Coxsackievirus A6 Altered-particles
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.49 Å

65036

9vft

EMDB-65036, PDB-9vft:
Structure of mature CVA6 virus complexed with 3H7 Fab
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.59 Å

65038

9vfu

EMDB-65038, PDB-9vfu:
Structure of mature CVA6 virus complexed with 1F4 Fab
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.11 Å

65043

9vg1

EMDB-65043, PDB-9vg1:
Structure of CVA6 empty capsid complexed with 3H7 Fab
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.26 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-STE:
STEARIC ACID

ChemComp-MYR:
MYRISTIC ACID

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • coxsackievirus a6
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsVIRUS / coxsackievirus A6 / KRM1 / receptor

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