9J5M

Cryo-EM structure of the ectodomain of BTN2A1-BTN3A1-BTN3A2 in complex with gdTCR

9J5M の概要

• エントリーDOI: 10.2210/pdb9j5m/pdb
• EMDBエントリー: 61146
• 分子名称: d subunit of gdTCR, g subunit of gdTCR, Butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A2, ... (5 entities in total)
• 機能のキーワード: complex, immune, immune system
• 由来する生物種: Homo sapiens; 詳細
• タンパク質・核酸の鎖数: 8
• 化学式量合計: 299269.84

構造登録者

Zhu, Y.,Gao, W.,Huang, Z. (登録日: 2024-08-12, 公開日: 2025-05-21, 最終更新日: 2025-07-23)

主引用文献

Zhu, Y.,Gao, W.,Zheng, J.,Bai, Y.,Tian, X.,Huang, T.,Lu, Z.,Dong, D.,Zhang, A.,Guo, C.,Huang, Z.
Phosphoantigen-induced inside-out stabilization of butyrophilin receptor complexes drives dimerization-dependent gamma delta TCR activation.
Immunity, 58:1646-, 2025

PubMed Abstract: Phosphoantigens (pAgs), produced by infected or cancer cells, trigger the assembly of a membrane receptor complex comprising butyrophilin (BTN) members BTN3A1 and BTN2A1, leading to the activation of γδ T cells. BTN3A2 or BTN3A3 forms heteromers with BTN3A1, exhibiting higher γδ T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulating activity than BTN3A1 homomers. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure reveals a pAg-induced BTN2A1-BTN3A1 heterotetramer with a 2:2 stoichiometry, stabilized by interactions between the intracellular B30.2 domains and the extracellular immunoglobulin V (IgV) domains. BTN3A2 or BTN3A3 heterodimerizes with BTN3A1, forming a pAg-induced tetrameric complex with BTN2A1. However, BTN3A1 heterodimers are more stable than BTN3A1 homodimers in this interaction. Cryo-EM reveals that BTN2A1-BTN3A1-BTN3A2 binds two γδ TCR ectodomains, with one being sandwiched between the IgV domains of BTN2A1 and BTN3A2, while the other interacts with the free BTN2A1 IgV in the complex, as evidenced by functional data. Together, our findings uncover the mechanism of ligand-induced inside-out stabilization of BTN receptor complexes for dimeric activation of γδ TCR.

PubMed: 40334665
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.04.012

実験手法

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (3.94 Å)