8UHF

Cryo-EM of Vibrio cholerae toxin co-regulated pilus - asymmetric reconstruction

Summary for 8UHF

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb8uhf/pdb
• Related: 8U74
• EMDB information: 42279
• Descriptor: Toxin co-regulated pilin (1 entity in total)
• Functional Keywords: toxin, cholera, type iv pilus, cell adhesion
• Biological source: Vibrio cholerae
• Total number of polymer chains: 9
• Total formula weight: 182476.85

Authors

Sonani, R.R.,Kundra, S.,Craig, L.,Egelman, E.H. (deposition date: 2023-10-09, release date: 2023-12-06, Last modification date: 2025-04-09)

Primary citation

Sonani, R.R.,Sanchez, J.C.,Baumgardt, J.K.,Kundra, S.,Wright, E.R.,Craig, L.,Egelman, E.H.
Tad and toxin-coregulated pilus structures reveal unexpected diversity in bacterial type IV pili.
Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 120:e2316668120-e2316668120, 2023

PubMed Abstract: Type IV pili (T4P) are ubiquitous in both bacteria and archaea. They are polymers of the major pilin protein, which has an extended and protruding N-terminal helix, α1, and a globular C-terminal domain. Cryo-EM structures have revealed key differences between the bacterial and archaeal T4P in their C-terminal domain structure and in the packing and continuity of α1. This segment forms a continuous α-helix in archaeal T4P but is partially melted in all published bacterial T4P structures due to a conserved helix breaking proline at position 22. The tad (tight adhesion) T4P are found in both bacteria and archaea and are thought to have been acquired by bacteria through horizontal transfer from archaea. Tad pilins are unique among the T4 pilins, being only 40 to 60 residues in length and entirely lacking a C-terminal domain. They also lack the Pro22 found in all high-resolution bacterial T4P structures. We show using cryo-EM that the bacterial tad pilus from is composed of continuous helical subunits that, like the archaeal pilins, lack the melted portion seen in other bacterial T4P and share the packing arrangement of the archaeal T4P. We further show that a bacterial T4P, the toxin coregulated pilus, which lacks Pro22 but is not in the tad family, has a continuous N-terminal α-helix, yet its α1 s are arranged similar to those in other bacterial T4P. Our results highlight the role of Pro22 in helix melting and support an evolutionary relationship between tad and archaeal T4P.

PubMed: 38011558
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316668120

Experimental method

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (3.8 Å)