6LHM

Structure of human PYCR2

6LHM の概要

• エントリーDOI: 10.2210/pdb6lhm/pdb
• 分子名称: Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 (1 entity in total)
• 機能のキーワード: pycr2, carboxylate, p5cr, decamer, pentamer, pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, oxidoreductase
• 由来する生物種: Homo sapiens (Human)
• タンパク質・核酸の鎖数: 5
• 化学式量合計: 158689.09

構造登録者

Baburajendran, N. (登録日: 2019-12-09, 公開日: 2020-10-28, 最終更新日: 2023-11-22)

主引用文献

Escande-Beillard, N.,Loh, A.,Saleem, S.N.,Kanata, K.,Hashimoto, Y.,Altunoglu, U.,Metoska, A.,Grandjean, J.,Ng, F.M.,Pomp, O.,Baburajendran, N.,Wong, J.,Hill, J.,Beillard, E.,Cozzone, P.,Zaki, M.,Kayserili, H.,Hamada, H.,Shiratori, H.,Reversade, B.
Loss of PYCR2 Causes Neurodegeneration by Increasing Cerebral Glycine Levels via SHMT2.
Neuron, 107:82-94.e6, 2020

PubMed Abstract: Patients lacking PYCR2, a mitochondrial enzyme that synthesizes proline, display postnatal degenerative microcephaly with hypomyelination. Here we report the crystal structure of the PYCR2 apo-enzyme and show that a novel germline p.Gly249Val mutation lies at the dimer interface and lowers its enzymatic activity. We find that knocking out Pycr2 in mice phenocopies the human disorder and depletes PYCR1 levels in neural lineages. In situ quantification of neurotransmitters in the brains of PYCR2 mutant mice and patients revealed a signature of encephalopathy driven by excessive cerebral glycine. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that loss of PYCR2 upregulates SHMT2, which is responsible for glycine synthesis. This hyperglycemia could be partially reversed by SHMT2 knockdown, which rescued the axonal beading and neurite lengths of cultured Pycr2 knockout neurons. Our findings identify the glycine metabolic pathway as a possible intervention point to alleviate the neurological symptoms of PYCR2-mutant patients.

PubMed: 32330411
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.028

実験手法

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (3.4 Å)