4G3J

Sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) from Trypanosoma brucei in complex with the VNI derivative (R)-N-(1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethyl)-4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamide [R-VNI-triazole (VNT)]

Summary for 4G3J

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb4g3j/pdb
• Related: 3GW9 4G7G
• Descriptor: sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, PROTOPORPHYRIN IX CONTAINING FE, N-[(1R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethyl]-4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamide, ... (4 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: cytochrome p450 fold, heme, monooxygenase, sterol biosynthesis, eukaryotic membrane biogenesis, cytochrome p450 reductase, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, oxidoreductase-oxidoreductase inhibitor complex, oxidoreductase/oxidoreductase inhibitor
• Biological source: Trypanosoma brucei
• Total number of polymer chains: 4
• Total formula weight: 207526.98

Authors

Hargrove, T.Y.,Wawrzak, Z.,Waterman, M.R.,Lepesheva, G.I. (deposition date: 2012-07-14, release date: 2013-07-17, Last modification date: 2023-09-13)

Primary citation

Lepesheva, G.I.,Hargrove, T.Y.,Rachakonda, G.,Wawrzak, Z.,Pomel, S.,Cojean, S.,Nde, P.N.,Nes, W.D.,Locuson, C.W.,Calcutt, M.W.,Waterman, M.R.,Daniels, J.S.,Loiseau, P.M.,Villalta, F.
VFV as a New Effective CYP51 Structure-Derived Drug Candidate for Chagas Disease and Visceral Leishmaniasis.
J Infect Dis, 212:1439-1448, 2015

PubMed Abstract: Sterol 14α-demethylases (CYP51) are the enzymes essential for sterol biosynthesis. They serve as clinical targets for antifungal azoles and are considered as targets for treatment of human Trypanosomatidae infections. Recently, we have shown that VNI, a potent and selective inhibitor of trypanosomal CYP51 that we identified and structurally characterized in complex with the enzyme, can cure the acute and chronic forms of Chagas disease. The purpose of this work was to apply the CYP51 structure/function for further development of the VNI scaffold. As anticipated, VFV (R)-N-(1-(3,4'-difluorobiphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl)-4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamide, the derivative designed to fill the deepest portion of the CYP51 substrate-binding cavity, reveals a broader antiprotozoan spectrum of action. It has stronger antiparasitic activity in cellular experiments, cures the experimental Chagas disease with 100% efficacy, and suppresses visceral leishmaniasis by 89% (vs 60% for VNI). Oral bioavailability, low off-target activity, favorable pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution characterize VFV as a promising new drug candidate.

PubMed: 25883390
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv228

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.83 Å)