4EYC
Crystal structure of the cathelin-like domain of human cathelicidin LL-37 (hCLD)
Summary for 4EYC
| Entry DOI | 10.2210/pdb4eyc/pdb |
| Related | 1LXE 1PFP |
| Descriptor | Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (2 entities in total) |
| Functional Keywords | cathelin-like domain, pro-domain of human cathelicidin ll-37, cystatin-like fold, antimicrobial peptide, unknown function |
| Biological source | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Cellular location | Secreted: P49913 |
| Total number of polymer chains | 2 |
| Total formula weight | 23940.99 |
| Authors | Pazgier, M.,Pozharski, E.,Toth, E.,Lu, W. (deposition date: 2012-05-01, release date: 2013-02-27, Last modification date: 2024-11-06) |
| Primary citation | Pazgier, M.,Ericksen, B.,Ling, M.,Toth, E.,Shi, J.,Li, X.,Galliher-Beckley, A.,Lan, L.,Zou, G.,Zhan, C.,Yuan, W.,Pozharski, E.,Lu, W. Structural and Functional Analysis of the Pro-Domain of Human Cathelicidin, LL-37. Biochemistry, 52:1547-1558, 2013 Cited by PubMed Abstract: Cathelicidins form a family of small host defense peptides distinct from another class of cationic antimicrobial peptides, the defensins. They are expressed as large precursor molecules with a highly conserved pro-domain known as the cathelin-like domain (CLD). CLDs have high degrees of sequence homology to cathelin, a protein isolated from pig leukocytes and belonging to the cystatin family of cysteine protease inhibitors. In this report, we describe for the first time the X-ray crystal structure of the human CLD (hCLD) of the sole human cathelicidin, LL-37. The structure of the hCLD, determined at 1.93 Å resolution, shows the cystatin-like fold and is highly similar to the structure of the CLD of the pig cathelicidin, protegrin-3. We assayed the in vitro antibacterial activities of the hCLD, LL-37, and the precursor form, pro-cathelicidin (also known as hCAP18), and we found that the unprocessed protein inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacteria with efficiencies comparable to that of the mature peptide, LL-37. In addition, the antibacterial activity of LL-37 was not inhibited by the hCLD intermolecularly, because exogenously added hCLD had no effect on the bactericidal activity of the mature peptide. The hCLD itself lacked antimicrobial function and did not inhibit the cysteine protease, cathepsin L. Our results contrast with previous reports of hCLD activity. A comparative structural analysis between the hCLD and the cysteine protease inhibitor stefin A showed why the hCLD is unable to function as an inhibitor of cysteine proteases. In this respect, the cystatin scaffold represents an ancestral structural platform from which proteins evolved divergently, with some losing inhibitory functions. PubMed: 23406372DOI: 10.1021/bi301008r PDB entries with the same primary citation |
| Experimental method | X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.9 Å) |
Structure validation
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