4EEX

Crystal Structure of Lactococcus lactis Alcohol Dehydrogenase

4EEX の概要

• エントリーDOI: 10.2210/pdb4eex/pdb
• 関連するPDBエントリー: 4EEZ
• 分子名称: Alcohol dehydrogenase 1, ZINC ION, TETRAETHYLENE GLYCOL, ... (4 entities in total)
• 機能のキーワード: alcohol dehydrogenase, site-saturation mutagenesis, directed evolution, isobutyraldehyde, biofuel, oxidoreductase
• 由来する生物種: Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis
• タンパク質・核酸の鎖数: 2
• 化学式量合計: 74226.32

構造登録者

Liu, X.,Bastian, S.,Snow, C.D.,Brustad, E.M.,Saleski, T.,Xu, J.H.,Meinhold, P.,Arnold, F.H. (登録日: 2012-03-28, 公開日: 2012-09-26, 最終更新日: 2024-02-28)

主引用文献

Liu, X.,Bastian, S.,Snow, C.D.,Brustad, E.M.,Saleski, T.E.,Xu, J.H.,Meinhold, P.,Arnold, F.H.
Structure-guided engineering of Lactococcus lactis alcohol dehydrogenase LlAdhA for improved conversion of isobutyraldehyde to isobutanol.
J.Biotechnol., 164:188-195, 2012

PubMed Abstract: We have determined the X-ray crystal structures of the NADH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase LlAdhA from Lactococcus lactis and its laboratory-evolved variant LlAdhA(RE1) at 1.9Å and 2.5Å resolution, respectively. LlAdhA(RE1), which contains three amino acid mutations (Y50F, I212T, and L264V), was engineered to increase the microbial production of isobutanol (2-methylpropan-1-ol) from isobutyraldehyde (2-methylpropanal). Structural comparison of LlAdhA and LlAdhA(RE1) indicates that the enhanced activity on isobutyraldehyde stems from increases in the protein's active site size, hydrophobicity, and substrate access. Further structure-guided mutagenesis generated a quadruple mutant (Y50F/N110S/I212T/L264V), whose KM for isobutyraldehyde is ∼17-fold lower and catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM) is ∼160-fold higher than wild-type LlAdhA. Combining detailed structural information and directed evolution, we have achieved significant improvements in non-native alcohol dehydrogenase activity that will facilitate the production of next-generation fuels such as isobutanol from renewable resources.

PubMed: 22974724
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.08.008

実験手法

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.2 Å)