2MYV

Solution structure of M. oryzae protein AVR1-CO39

Summary for 2MYV

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb2myv/pdb
• Related: 2MYW
• NMR Information: BMRB: 25459
• Descriptor: Uncharacterized protein (1 entity in total)
• Functional Keywords: unknown function
• Biological source: Magnaporthe grisea (Crabgrass-specific blast fungus)
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 11243.17

Authors

de Guillen, K.,Kroj, T. (deposition date: 2015-01-30, release date: 2015-10-14, Last modification date: 2024-11-06)

Primary citation

de Guillen, K.,Ortiz-Vallejo, D.,Gracy, J.,Fournier, E.,Kroj, T.,Padilla, A.
Structure Analysis Uncovers a Highly Diverse but Structurally Conserved Effector Family in Phytopathogenic Fungi.
Plos Pathog., 11:e1005228-e1005228, 2015

PubMed Abstract: Phytopathogenic ascomycete fungi possess huge effector repertoires that are dominated by hundreds of sequence-unrelated small secreted proteins. The molecular function of these effectors and the evolutionary mechanisms that generate this tremendous number of singleton genes are largely unknown. To get a deeper understanding of fungal effectors, we determined by NMR spectroscopy the 3-dimensional structures of the Magnaporthe oryzae effectors AVR1-CO39 and AVR-Pia. Despite a lack of sequence similarity, both proteins have very similar 6 β-sandwich structures that are stabilized in both cases by a disulfide bridge between 2 conserved cysteins located in similar positions of the proteins. Structural similarity searches revealed that AvrPiz-t, another effector from M. oryzae, and ToxB, an effector of the wheat tan spot pathogen Pyrenophora tritici-repentis have the same structures suggesting the existence of a family of sequence-unrelated but structurally conserved fungal effectors that we named MAX-effectors (Magnaporthe Avrs and ToxB like). Structure-informed pattern searches strengthened this hypothesis by identifying MAX-effector candidates in a broad range of ascomycete phytopathogens. Strong expansion of the MAX-effector family was detected in M. oryzae and M. grisea where they seem to be particularly important since they account for 5-10% of the effector repertoire and 50% of the cloned avirulence effectors. Expression analysis indicated that the majority of M. oryzae MAX-effectors are expressed specifically during early infection suggesting important functions during biotrophic host colonization. We hypothesize that the scenario observed for MAX-effectors can serve as a paradigm for ascomycete effector diversity and that the enormous number of sequence-unrelated ascomycete effectors may in fact belong to a restricted set of structurally conserved effector families.

PubMed: 26506000
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005228

Experimental method

SOLUTION NMR