2JYV

Human Granulin F

Summary for 2JYV

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb2jyv/pdb
• Related: 1FWO 1G26 1QGM 2jyt 2jyu
• Descriptor: Granulin-2 (1 entity in total)
• Functional Keywords: granulin c, epithelin, human, stack of hairpins, alternative splicing, cytokine, glycoprotein, polymorphism, secreted
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (human)
• Cellular location: Secreted: P28799
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 7978.21

Authors

Tolkatchev, D.,Wang, P.,Chen, Z.,Xu, P.,Ni, F. (deposition date: 2007-12-19, release date: 2008-04-22, Last modification date: 2024-10-09)

Primary citation

Tolkatchev, D.,Malik, S.,Vinogradova, A.,Wang, P.,Chen, Z.,Xu, P.,Bennett, H.P.,Bateman, A.,Ni, F.
Structure dissection of human progranulin identifies well-folded granulin/epithelin modules with unique functional activities.
Protein Sci., 17:711-724, 2008

PubMed Abstract: Progranulin is a secreted protein with important functions in several physiological and pathological processes, such as embryonic development, host defense, and wound repair. Autosomal dominant mutations in the progranulin gene cause frontotemporal dementia, while overexpression of progranulin promotes the invasive progression of a range of tumors, including those of the breast and the brain. Structurally, progranulin consists of seven-and-a-half tandem repeats of the granulin/epithelin module (GEM), several of which have been isolated as discrete 6-kDa GEM peptides. We have expressed all seven human GEMs using recombinant DNA in Escherichia coli. High-resolution NMR showed that only the three GEMs, hGrnA, hGrnC, and hGrnF, contain relatively well-defined three-dimensional structures in solution, while others are mainly mixtures of poorly structured disulfide isomers. The three-dimensional structures of hGrnA, hGrnC, and hGrnF contain a stable stack of two beta-hairpins in their N-terminal subdomains, but showed a more flexible C-terminal subdomain. Interestingly, of the well-structured GEMs, hGrnA demonstrated potent growth inhibition of a breast cancer cell line, while hGrnF was stimulatory. Poorly folded peptides were either weakly inhibitory or without activity. The functionally active and structurally well-characterized human hGrnA offers a unique opportunity for detailed structure-function studies of these important GEM proteins as novel members of mammalian growth factors.

PubMed: 18359860
DOI: 10.1110/ps.073295308

Experimental method

SOLUTION NMR