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Yorodumi- PDB-9u7r: Substrate-free human 26S proteasome purified by midnolin, 20S pro... -
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Basic information
| Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 9u7r | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Title | Substrate-free human 26S proteasome purified by midnolin, 20S proteasome, RPTs and RPN11 part | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Keywords | HYDROLASE / Midnolin / 26S proteasome / Complex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology informationthyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding / nuclear proteasome complex / host-mediated perturbation of viral transcription / positive regulation of inclusion body assembly / proteasome accessory complex / purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding / CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation / thymic T cell selection / CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell homeostasis / cytosolic proteasome complex ...thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding / nuclear proteasome complex / host-mediated perturbation of viral transcription / positive regulation of inclusion body assembly / proteasome accessory complex / purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding / CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation / thymic T cell selection / CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell homeostasis / cytosolic proteasome complex / positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process / proteasome-activating activity / Antigen processing: Ub, ATP-independent proteasomal degradation / proteasome regulatory particle, lid subcomplex / proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex / T-helper 1 cell differentiation / negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation / cellular response to type I interferon / protein K63-linked deubiquitination / metal-dependent deubiquitinase activity / negative regulation of programmed cell death / Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) / proteasome core complex / Proteasome assembly / T-helper 17 cell differentiation / Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) / transcription factor binding / K63-linked deubiquitinase activity / Somitogenesis / flagellated sperm motility / proteasome binding / myofibril / AMPK-induced ERAD and lysosome mediated degradation of PD-L1(CD274) / GSK3B-mediated proteasomal degradation of PD-L1(CD274) / SPOP-mediated proteasomal degradation of PD-L1(CD274) / proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process / Ribosome Quality Control (RQC) complex extracts and degrades nascent peptide / general transcription initiation factor binding / proteasome storage granule / protein deubiquitination / proteasome endopeptidase complex / NF-kappaB binding / proteasome core complex, beta-subunit complex / endopeptidase activator activity / threonine-type endopeptidase activity / proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex / proteasome assembly / immune system process / regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle / ciliary tip / response to type II interferon / positive regulation of interleukin-2 production / inclusion body / regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process / TBP-class protein binding / : / proteasome complex / sarcomere / proteasomal protein catabolic process / Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation / sperm end piece / Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C / APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle / Asymmetric localization of PCP proteins / Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D / lipopolysaccharide binding / SCF-beta-TrCP mediated degradation of Emi1 / NIK-->noncanonical NF-kB signaling / AUF1 (hnRNP D0) binds and destabilizes mRNA / TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway / Assembly of the pre-replicative complex / Vpu mediated degradation of CD4 / P-body / Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A / Dectin-1 mediated noncanonical NF-kB signaling / Degradation of DVL / Degradation of AXIN / Degradation of CRY and PER proteins / meiotic cell cycle / Hh mutants are degraded by ERAD / Activation of NF-kappaB in B cells / G2/M Checkpoints / Degradation of GLI1 by the proteasome / Hedgehog ligand biogenesis / Regulation of RUNX3 expression and activity / Autodegradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 / Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis / GSK3B and BTRC:CUL1-mediated-degradation of NFE2L2 / Negative regulation of NOTCH4 signaling / APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1 / Hedgehog 'on' state / double-strand break repair via homologous recombination / FBXL7 down-regulates AURKA during mitotic entry and in early mitosis / Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G / Degradation of GLI2 by the proteasome / GLI3 is processed to GLI3R by the proteasome / Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of Phosphorylated Cdc25A / MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling Similarity search - Function | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.17 Å | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Zhu, C. / Qin, L. / Liang, L. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Funding support | China, 1items
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Citation | Journal: Nat Commun / Year: 2026Title: Structural dynamics of the midnolin-proteasome during ubiquitin-independent substrate turnover. Authors: Chuanda Zhu / Lu Qin / Zonglin Dai / Peng Zuo / Ao Yang / Lijun Zhong / Zhiqiang Lin / Ling Liang / ![]() Abstract: The 26S proteasome typically degrades proteins marked by ubiquitin chains. However, a distinct, ubiquitin-independent degradation pathway for nuclear proteins exists, mediated by the adaptor protein ...The 26S proteasome typically degrades proteins marked by ubiquitin chains. However, a distinct, ubiquitin-independent degradation pathway for nuclear proteins exists, mediated by the adaptor protein midnolin, yet its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we present nine cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human 26S proteasome in complex with midnolin, which collectively delineate a near-complete catalytic cycle. Our structures reveal that midnolin binds to the proteasome via the RPN1 subunit by its C-terminal helix. Unexpectedly, its ubiquitin-like domain interacts with the RPN11 deubiquitinase in a non-catalytic role. This interaction positions the adjacent Catch domain, which is responsible for substrate binding, directly above the proteasomal entrance, potentially facilitating substrate entry into the proteasome. Furthermore, we observe four consecutive spiral staircase conformations of the AAA+ ATPase hexamer during substrate translocation. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying ubiquitin-independent nuclear protein degradation and may help develop strategies for targeting nuclear proteins via direct proteasomal degradation. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Structure visualization
| Structure viewer | Molecule: Molmil Jmol/JSmol |
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Downloads & links
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Download
| PDBx/mmCIF format | 9u7r.cif.gz | 1.8 MB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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| PDB format | pdb9u7r.ent.gz | Display | PDB format | |
| PDBx/mmJSON format | 9u7r.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
| Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
| Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/u7/9u7r ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/u7/9u7r | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 63943MC ![]() 22mmC ![]() 9mboC ![]() 9mbpC ![]() 9mbqC ![]() 9u3lC ![]() 9u4mC ![]() 9w39C ![]() 9wbgC M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
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Assembly
| Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
-Protein , 3 types, 4 molecules cELl
| #1: Protein | Mass: 34488.824 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: O00487, Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Omega peptidases |
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| #6: Protein | Mass: 45867.027 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: A0A087X2I1 |
| #13: Protein | Mass: 30150.277 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P25786 |
-26S proteasome regulatory subunit ... , 5 types, 5 molecules ABCDF
| #2: Protein | Mass: 48700.805 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P35998 |
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| #3: Protein | Mass: 49260.504 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P62191 |
| #4: Protein | Mass: 44852.121 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P62195 |
| #5: Protein | Mass: 47426.141 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P43686 |
| #7: Protein | Mass: 49266.457 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P17980 |
-Proteasome subunit alpha type- ... , 6 types, 12 molecules GgHhIiJjKkMm
| #8: Protein | Mass: 27301.262 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P60900#9: Protein | Mass: 25796.338 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P25787#10: Protein | Mass: 29394.648 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P25789#11: Protein | Mass: 27798.695 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: O14818#12: Protein | Mass: 26304.779 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P28066#14: Protein | Mass: 28338.057 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P25788 |
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-Proteasome subunit beta type- ... , 7 types, 14 molecules NnOoPpQqRrSsTt
| #15: Protein | Mass: 25246.455 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P28072, proteasome endopeptidase complex #16: Protein | Mass: 29869.223 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: Q99436, proteasome endopeptidase complex #17: Protein | Mass: 22841.701 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P49720#18: Protein | Mass: 22864.277 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P49721#19: Protein | Mass: 28379.053 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P28074, proteasome endopeptidase complex #20: Protein | Mass: 26391.201 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P20618#21: Protein | Mass: 29099.986 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P28070 |
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-Non-polymers , 5 types, 17 molecules 








| #22: Chemical | ChemComp-ZN / | ||||||
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| #23: Chemical | ChemComp-ATP / #24: Chemical | ChemComp-MG / #25: Chemical | #26: Chemical | ChemComp-LDZ / |
-Details
| Has ligand of interest | Y |
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| Has protein modification | Y |
-Experimental details
-Experiment
| Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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| EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
| Component | Name: 26S proteasome complexed with midnolin / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#21 / Source: MULTIPLE SOURCES |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Source (recombinant) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Buffer solution | pH: 7.4 |
| Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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| Microscopy | Model: TFS KRIOS |
| Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
| Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1800 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1200 nm |
| Image recording | Electron dose: 40 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) |
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Processing
| CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION |
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| 3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.17 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 22379 / Symmetry type: POINT |
| Refinement | Cross valid method: NONE |
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Homo sapiens (human)
China, 1items
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FIELD EMISSION GUN