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- PDB-9lmp: Cryo-EM structure of antagonist-bounded inactive human GPR4 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9lmp
TitleCryo-EM structure of antagonist-bounded inactive human GPR4
Components
  • G-protein coupled receptor 4,Soluble cytochrome b562
  • Heavy chain of anti-Bril Fab
  • Light chain of anti-Bril Fab
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN/IMMUNE SYSTEM / GPCR / class A / GPR4 / cryo-EM / protein sensing / inactive state / antagonist-bounded / MEMBRANE PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


glomerular mesangial cell development / regulation of vascular permeability / response to acidic pH / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / angiogenesis involved in wound healing / positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction / regulation of cell adhesion / negative regulation of angiogenesis / electron transport chain / G protein-coupled receptor activity ...glomerular mesangial cell development / regulation of vascular permeability / response to acidic pH / Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / angiogenesis involved in wound healing / positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction / regulation of cell adhesion / negative regulation of angiogenesis / electron transport chain / G protein-coupled receptor activity / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of inflammatory response / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / electron transfer activity / periplasmic space / iron ion binding / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / heme binding / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
G protein-coupled receptor 4 orphan / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome c/b562 / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
Similarity search - Domain/homology
: / Soluble cytochrome b562 / G-prodeshotein coupled receptor 4
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.65 Å
AuthorsChen, L.N. / Zhou, H. / Xi, K. / Cheng, S.Z. / Liu, Y.F. / Fu, Y.F. / Ma, X.Y. / Xu, P. / Ji, S.Y. / Wang, W.W. ...Chen, L.N. / Zhou, H. / Xi, K. / Cheng, S.Z. / Liu, Y.F. / Fu, Y.F. / Ma, X.Y. / Xu, P. / Ji, S.Y. / Wang, W.W. / Shen, D.D. / Zhang, H.B. / Shen, Q.Y. / Chai, R. / Zhang, M. / Yang, L. / Han, F. / Mao, C.Y. / Cai, X.J. / Zhang, Y.
Funding support1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: Mol Cell / Year: 2025
Title: Proton perception and activation of a proton-sensing GPCR.
Authors: Li-Nan Chen / Hui Zhou / Kun Xi / Shizhuo Cheng / Yongfeng Liu / Yifan Fu / Xiangyu Ma / Ping Xu / Su-Yu Ji / Wei-Wei Wang / Dan-Dan Shen / Huibing Zhang / Qingya Shen / Renjie Chai / Min ...Authors: Li-Nan Chen / Hui Zhou / Kun Xi / Shizhuo Cheng / Yongfeng Liu / Yifan Fu / Xiangyu Ma / Ping Xu / Su-Yu Ji / Wei-Wei Wang / Dan-Dan Shen / Huibing Zhang / Qingya Shen / Renjie Chai / Min Zhang / Lin Yang / Feng Han / Chunyou Mao / Xiujun Cai / Yan Zhang /
Abstract: Maintaining pH at cellular, tissular, and systemic levels is essential for human health. Proton-sensing GPCRs regulate physiological and pathological processes by sensing the extracellular acidity. ...Maintaining pH at cellular, tissular, and systemic levels is essential for human health. Proton-sensing GPCRs regulate physiological and pathological processes by sensing the extracellular acidity. However, the molecular mechanism of proton sensing and activation of these receptors remains elusive. Here, we present cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human GPR4, a prototypical proton-sensing GPCR, in its inactive and active states. Our studies reveal that three extracellular histidine residues are crucial for proton sensing of human GPR4. The binding of protons induces substantial conformational changes in GPR4's ECLs, particularly in ECL2, which transforms from a helix-loop to a β-turn-β configuration. This transformation leads to the rearrangements of H-bond network and hydrophobic packing, relayed by non-canonical motifs to accommodate G proteins. Furthermore, the antagonist NE52-QQ57 hinders human GPR4 activation by preventing hydrophobic stacking rearrangement. Our findings provide a molecular framework for understanding the activation mechanism of a human proton-sensing GPCR, aiding future drug discovery.
History
DepositionJan 19, 2025Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0Jul 2, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 2, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 2, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 2, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 2, 2025Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 2, 2025Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jul 16, 2025Group: Data collection / Structure summary / Category: audit_author / em_admin / em_author_list / Item: _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.1Jul 16, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Group: Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: em_admin / em_author_list / Data content type: EM metadata / Item: _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.2Jan 14, 2026Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
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Revision 2.0Jan 14, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Database references / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata ...EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_ASTM / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
H: Heavy chain of anti-Bril Fab
L: Light chain of anti-Bril Fab
R: G-protein coupled receptor 4,Soluble cytochrome b562
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)101,2864
Polymers100,8693
Non-polymers4171
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Antibody Heavy chain of anti-Bril Fab


Mass: 25008.850 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
#2: Antibody Light chain of anti-Bril Fab


Mass: 23586.205 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
#3: Protein G-protein coupled receptor 4,Soluble cytochrome b562 / G-protein coupled receptor 6C.l / GPR6C.l / Cytochrome b-562


Mass: 52274.223 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GPR4, cybC / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P46093, UniProt: P0ABE7
#4: Chemical ChemComp-A1L1E / NE52-QQ57 / 2-[4-[(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)methyl]phenyl]-5-piperidin-4-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole


Mass: 416.519 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C24H28N6O / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: antagonist-bounded inactive GPR4 / Type: ORGANELLE OR CELLULAR COMPONENT / Entity ID: #1-#3 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
11Homo sapiens (human)9606
21Escherichia coli (E. coli)562
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 700 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm
Image recordingElectron dose: 52 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.19.2_4158 / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.65 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 469564 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementHighest resolution: 2.65 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0186382
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.5878695
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d11.6922223
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.076981
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0091096

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