ジャーナル: Sci Adv / 年: 2025 タイトル: SARS-related coronavirus S-protein structures reveal synergistic RBM interactions underpinning high-affinity human ACE2 binding. 著者: Jingjing Wang / Yong Ma / Zimu Li / Hang Yuan / Banghui Liu / Zexuan Li / Mengzhen Su / Gul Habib / Yutong Liu / Lutang Fu / Peiyi Wang / Mei Li / Jun He / Jing Chen / Peng Zhou / Zhengli Shi ...著者: Jingjing Wang / Yong Ma / Zimu Li / Hang Yuan / Banghui Liu / Zexuan Li / Mengzhen Su / Gul Habib / Yutong Liu / Lutang Fu / Peiyi Wang / Mei Li / Jun He / Jing Chen / Peng Zhou / Zhengli Shi / Xinwen Chen / Xiaoli Xiong / 要旨: High-affinity and specific binding toward the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS)-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) remains ...High-affinity and specific binding toward the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS)-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) remains incompletely understood. We report cryo-electron microscopy structures of eight different S-proteins from SARSr-CoVs found across Asia, Europe, and Africa. These S-proteins all adopt tightly packed, locked, prefusion conformations. These structures enable the classification of SARSr-CoV S-proteins into three types, based on their receptor-binding motif (RBM) structures and ACE2 binding characteristics. Type-2 S-proteins often preferentially bind bat ACE2 (bACE2) over hACE2. We report a structure of a type-2 BtKY72-RBD in complex with bACE2 to understand ACE2 specificity. Structure-guided mutagenesis of BtKY72-RBD reveals that multiple synergistic mutations in four different regions of RBM are required to achieve high-affinity hACE2 binding. Similar RBM changes can also confer hACE2 binding to another type-2 BM48-31 S-protein, which is primarily non-ACE2 binding. These results provide an understanding of how high-affinity hACE2 binding may be acquired by SARSr-CoV S-proteins.
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