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- PDB-6wpk: SARM1 Autoinhibited Conformation -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6wpk
TitleSARM1 Autoinhibited Conformation
ComponentsNAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
KeywordsHYDROLASE / NADase / ARM / SAM / TIR
Function / homology
Function and homology information


negative regulation of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway / MyD88-independent TLR4 cascade / Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Cascade / NAD catabolic process / NAD+ nucleosidase activity / ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase / protein localization to mitochondrion / NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating / NADP+ nucleosidase activity / nervous system process ...negative regulation of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway / MyD88-independent TLR4 cascade / Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Cascade / NAD catabolic process / NAD+ nucleosidase activity / ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase / protein localization to mitochondrion / NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating / NADP+ nucleosidase activity / nervous system process / Hydrolases; Glycosylases; Hydrolysing N-glycosyl compounds / regulation of dendrite morphogenesis / response to axon injury / response to glucose / signaling adaptor activity / regulation of neuron apoptotic process / TRAF6-mediated induction of TAK1 complex within TLR4 complex / Activation of IRF3, IRF7 mediated by TBK1, IKKε (IKBKE) / IKK complex recruitment mediated by RIP1 / nervous system development / microtubule / mitochondrial outer membrane / cell differentiation / axon / innate immune response / dendrite / synapse / signal transduction / mitochondrion / identical protein binding / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 / TIR domain / Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance / TIR domain profile. / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain superfamily / SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif) / SAM domain profile. / Sterile alpha motif. / Sterile alpha motif domain ...Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 / TIR domain / Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance / TIR domain profile. / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain superfamily / SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif) / SAM domain profile. / Sterile alpha motif. / Sterile alpha motif domain / Sterile alpha motif/pointed domain superfamily / Armadillo-like helical / Armadillo-type fold
Similarity search - Domain/homology
NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.3 Å
AuthorsXie, T. / Bratkowski, M. / Bai, X. / Sambashivan, S.
Funding support United States, 3items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT)RR160082 United States
Welch FoundationI-1944-20180324 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)R01136976 United States
CitationJournal: Cell Rep / Year: 2020
Title: Structural and Mechanistic Regulation of the Pro-degenerative NAD Hydrolase SARM1.
Authors: Matthew Bratkowski / Tian Xie / Desiree A Thayer / Shradha Lad / Prakhyat Mathur / Yu-San Yang / Gregory Danko / Thomas C Burdett / Jean Danao / Aaron Cantor / Jennifer A Kozak / Sean P ...Authors: Matthew Bratkowski / Tian Xie / Desiree A Thayer / Shradha Lad / Prakhyat Mathur / Yu-San Yang / Gregory Danko / Thomas C Burdett / Jean Danao / Aaron Cantor / Jennifer A Kozak / Sean P Brown / Xiaochen Bai / Shilpa Sambashivan /
Abstract: The NADase SARM1 is a central switch in injury-activated axon degeneration, an early hallmark of many neurological diseases. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of ...The NADase SARM1 is a central switch in injury-activated axon degeneration, an early hallmark of many neurological diseases. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of autoinhibited (3.3 Å) and active SARM1 (6.8 Å) and provide mechanistic insight into the tight regulation of SARM1's function by the local metabolic environment. Although both states retain an octameric core, the defining feature of the autoinhibited state is a lock between the autoinhibitory Armadillo/HEAT motif (ARM) and catalytic Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains, which traps SARM1 in an inactive state. Mutations that break this lock activate SARM1, resulting in catastrophic neuronal death. Notably, the mutants cannot be further activated by the endogenous activator nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and active SARM1 is product inhibited by Nicotinamide (NAM), highlighting SARM1's functional dependence on key metabolites in the NAD salvage pathway. Our studies provide a molecular understanding of SARM1's transition from an autoinhibited to an injury-activated state and lay the foundation for future SARM1-based therapies to treat axonopathies.
History
DepositionApr 27, 2020Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Aug 12, 2020Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Mar 6, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / database_2
Item: _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
B: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
C: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
D: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
E: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
F: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
G: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
H: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)605,4378
Polymers605,4378
Non-polymers00
Water0
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration, SARM1 is an octamer by gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area33030 Å2
ΔGint-62 kcal/mol
Surface area201480 Å2

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Components

#1: Protein
NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1 / hSARM1 / NADP(+) hydrolase SARM1 / Sterile alpha and Armadillo repeat protein / Sterile alpha and ...hSARM1 / NADP(+) hydrolase SARM1 / Sterile alpha and Armadillo repeat protein / Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 / Sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 2 / SAM domain-containing protein 2 / Tir-1 homolog / HsTIR


Mass: 75679.594 Da / Num. of mol.: 8
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SARM1, KIAA0524, SAMD2, SARM / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: Q6SZW1, ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase, Hydrolases; Glycosylases; Hydrolysing N-glycosyl compounds

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: SARM1 in an autoinhibited conformation / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy / Calibrated magnification: 46729 X / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Detector mode: SUPER-RESOLUTION / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum / Energyfilter slit width: 20 eV

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.16_3549: / Classification: refinement
EM software
IDNameCategory
2SerialEMimage acquisition
4GctfCTF correction
5RELIONCTF correction
11RELIONinitial Euler assignment
12RELIONfinal Euler assignment
13RELIONclassification
14RELION3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 527084
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C8 (8 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.3 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 120532 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementCross valid method: NONE
Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 73.01 Å2
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00533645
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.6545392
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d11.04520402
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0425299
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0045856

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