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- EMDB-63580: Cryo-EM structure of AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-63580
TitleCryo-EM structure of AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: fusion protein of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-q
    • Protein or peptide: scFv16
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Nb35
    • Protein or peptide: 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1
  • Ligand: 2-OXOGLUTARIC ACID
Keywords2-ketoglutarate / AKG / OXGR1 / cryo-EM / GPR99 / MEMBRANE PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / G protein-coupled receptor activity / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits ...Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) / G protein-coupled receptor activity / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / photoreceptor disc membrane / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / G-protein beta-subunit binding / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / extracellular vesicle / sensory perception of taste / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / signaling receptor activity / retina development in camera-type eye / GTPase binding / fibroblast proliferation / Ca2+ pathway / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell population proliferation / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / innate immune response / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / synapse / protein-containing complex binding / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / membrane / plasma membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit ...G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Mus musculus (house mouse) / Lama glama (llama)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.66 Å
AuthorsLiu H / Zhang X / Xu HE
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: EMBO J / Year: 2026
Title: Molecular architecture of OXGR1 reveals an evolutionary conserved mechanisms for metabolite surveillance.
Authors: Xinyue Zhang / Yujie Lu / Xinheng He / Shimeng Guo / Changyao Li / Yu Wang / Yuan Gao / Juxia Yao / Qingning Yuan / Yinshan Tang / Jing Hu / Wen Hu / Zijuan Luo / Kai Wu / Yue Wang / Wanchao ...Authors: Xinyue Zhang / Yujie Lu / Xinheng He / Shimeng Guo / Changyao Li / Yu Wang / Yuan Gao / Juxia Yao / Qingning Yuan / Yinshan Tang / Jing Hu / Wen Hu / Zijuan Luo / Kai Wu / Yue Wang / Wanchao Yin / Xin Xie / H Eric Xu / Heng Liu /
Abstract: The ability of cells to sense and respond to metabolic signals is fundamental to life, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolite surveillance remain incompletely understood. Here, we ...The ability of cells to sense and respond to metabolic signals is fundamental to life, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolite surveillance remain incompletely understood. Here, we elucidate the structural basis of metabolite recognition by OXGR1, a G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) that senses key intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we determined cryo-EM structures of OXGR1 bound to α-ketoglutarate (AKG), itaconate (ITA), and structurally related metabolites succinate (SUC) and maleate (MA). These structures reveal a positively charged binding pocket and an extensive hydrogen-bond network that mediate selective recognition of dicarboxylic acids. In addition, we identify a distinct arrangement of hydrophobic residues that modulates ligand potency and selectivity. Mutational analysis and molecular dynamics simulations further demonstrate that noncanonical micro-switch motifs, including FRY and NLxxY, are essential for ligand recognition and receptor activation. Comparative structural and evolutionary analyses indicate that these mechanisms are conserved across species, underscoring the critical role of OXGR1 in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Together, our findings define a mechanistic framework for metabolite sensing by OXGR1 and provide a framework for therapeutic modulation of metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
History
DepositionFeb 26, 2025-
Header (metadata) releaseJun 17, 2026-
Map releaseJun 17, 2026-
UpdateJun 17, 2026-
Current statusJun 17, 2026Processing site: PDBc / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_63580.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_63580.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.82 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 209.92 Å		0.82 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 209.92 Å		0.82 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 209.92 Å

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.82 Å
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Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.25
Minimum - Maximum-1.8293526 - 3.234362
Average (Standard dev.)0.00044943322 (±0.08993001)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 209.92 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_63580_msk_1.map
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Half map: #2

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_63580_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex

EntireName: AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex
Components
  • Complex: AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: fusion protein of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-q
    • Protein or peptide: scFv16
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Nb35
    • Protein or peptide: 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1
  • Ligand: 2-OXOGLUTARIC ACID

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Supramolecule #1: AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex

SupramoleculeName: AKG bound OXGR1-Gq complex / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#6
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 37.198656 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: ELDQLRQEAE QLKNQIRDAR KACADATLSQ ITNNIDPVGR IQMRTRRTLR GHLAKIYAMH WGTDSRLLVS ASQDGKLIIW DSYTTNKVH AIPLRSSWVM TCAYAPSGNY VACGGLDNIC SIYNLKTREG NVRVSRELAG HTGYLSCCRF LDDNQIVTSS G DTTCALWD ...String:
ELDQLRQEAE QLKNQIRDAR KACADATLSQ ITNNIDPVGR IQMRTRRTLR GHLAKIYAMH WGTDSRLLVS ASQDGKLIIW DSYTTNKVH AIPLRSSWVM TCAYAPSGNY VACGGLDNIC SIYNLKTREG NVRVSRELAG HTGYLSCCRF LDDNQIVTSS G DTTCALWD IETGQQTTTF TGHTGDVMSL SLAPDTRLFV SGACDASAKL WDVREGMCRQ TFTGHESDIN AICFFPNGNA FA TGSDDAT CRLFDLRADQ ELMTYSHDNI ICGITSVSFS KSGRLLLAGY DDFNCNVWDA LKADRAGVLA GHDNRVSCLG VTD DGMAVA TGSWDSFLKI WN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

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Macromolecule #2: fusion protein of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit...

MacromoleculeName: fusion protein of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-q
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 41.710289 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMIE KQLQKDKQVY RRTLRLLLLG ADNSGKSTIV KQMRIYHVNG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI ...String:
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMIE KQLQKDKQVY RRTLRLLLLG ADNSGKSTIV KQMRIYHVNG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI PTQQDVLRTR VKTSGIFETK FQVDKVNFHM FDVGAQRDER RKWIQCFNDV TAIIFVVDSS DYNRLQEALN DF DSIWNNR WLRTISVILF LNKQDLLAEK VLAGKSKIED YFPEFARYTT PEDATPEPGE DPRVTRAKYF IRKEFVDIST ASG DGRHIC YPHFTCSVDT ENARRIFNDC KDIILQMNLR EYNLV

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Macromolecule #3: scFv16

MacromoleculeName: scFv16 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Mus musculus (house mouse)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 26.293299 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: VQLVESGGGL VQPGGSRKLS CSASGFAFSS FGMHWVRQAP EKGLEWVAYI SSGSGTIYYA DTVKGRFTIS RDDPKNTLFL QMTSLRSED TAMYYCVRSI YYYGSSPFDF WGQGTTLTVS AGGGGSGGGG SGGGGSSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS ...String:
VQLVESGGGL VQPGGSRKLS CSASGFAFSS FGMHWVRQAP EKGLEWVAYI SSGSGTIYYA DTVKGRFTIS RDDPKNTLFL QMTSLRSED TAMYYCVRSI YYYGSSPFDF WGQGTTLTVS AGGGGSGGGG SGGGGSSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS NGNTYLYWFL QRPGQSPQLL IYRMSNLASG VPDRFSGSGS GTAFTLTISR LEAEDVGVYY CMQHLEYPLT FG AGTKLEL

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Macromolecule #4: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 6.261229 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString:
TASIAQARKL VEQLKMEANI DRIKVSKAAA DLMAYCEAHA KEDPLLTPVP ASENPFR

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

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Macromolecule #5: Nb35

MacromoleculeName: Nb35 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Lama glama (llama)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 13.798362 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
SequenceString:
QVQLQESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGFTFS NYKMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVSD ISQSGASISY TGSVKGRFTI SRDNAKNTLY LQMNSLKPE DTAVYYCARC PAPFTRDCFD VTSTTYAYRG QGTQVTVS

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Macromolecule #6: 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1

MacromoleculeName: 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 32.73398 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: NIPLKMHYLP VIYGIIFLVG FPGNAVVIST YIFKMRPWKS STIIMLNLAC TDLLYLTSLP FLIHYYASGE NWIFGDFMCK FIRFSFHFN LYSSILFLTC FSIFRYCVII HPMSCFSIHK TRCAVVACAV VWIISLVAVI PMTFLITSTN RTNRSACLDL T SSDELNTI ...String:
NIPLKMHYLP VIYGIIFLVG FPGNAVVIST YIFKMRPWKS STIIMLNLAC TDLLYLTSLP FLIHYYASGE NWIFGDFMCK FIRFSFHFN LYSSILFLTC FSIFRYCVII HPMSCFSIHK TRCAVVACAV VWIISLVAVI PMTFLITSTN RTNRSACLDL T SSDELNTI KWYNLILTAT TFCLPLVIVT LCYTTIIHTL THGLQTDSCL KQKARRLTIL LLLAFYVCFL PFHILRVIRI ES RLLSISC SIENQIHEAY IVSRPLAALN TFGNLLLYVV VSDNFQQAV

UniProtKB: 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1

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Macromolecule #7: 2-OXOGLUTARIC ACID

MacromoleculeName: 2-OXOGLUTARIC ACID / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: AKG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 146.098 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-AKG:
2-OXOGLUTARIC ACID

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TALOS ARCTICA
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: DARK FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: NONE
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.66 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 405687
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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