Journal: Sci Adv / Year: 2025 Title: Type II kinase inhibitors that target Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2. Authors: Nicolai D Raig / Katherine J Surridge / Marta Sanz-Murillo / Verena Dederer / Andreas Krämer / Martin P Schwalm / Nicholas M Lattal / Lewis Elson / Deep Chatterjee / Sebastian Mathea / ...Authors: Nicolai D Raig / Katherine J Surridge / Marta Sanz-Murillo / Verena Dederer / Andreas Krämer / Martin P Schwalm / Nicholas M Lattal / Lewis Elson / Deep Chatterjee / Sebastian Mathea / Thomas Hanke / Andres E Leschziner / Samara L Reck-Peterson / Stefan Knapp / Abstract: Increased kinase activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Numerous LRRK2-selective type I kinase inhibitors have been developed, and some have ...Increased kinase activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Numerous LRRK2-selective type I kinase inhibitors have been developed, and some have entered clinical trials. Here, to our knowledge, we present the first type II kinase inhibitors that target LRRK2. Targeting the inactive conformation of LRRK2 is functionally distinct from targeting the active-like conformation using type I inhibitors. We designed these inhibitors with a combinatorial chemistry approach fusing selective LRRK2 type I and promiscuous type II inhibitors using iterative cycles of synthesis supported by structural biology and activity testing. Our lead compounds are selective and potent toward both LRRK2 and LRRK1, a close relative of LRRK2. Through cellular assays, cryo-electron microscopy structural analysis, and in vitro motility assays, we show that our inhibitors stabilize the open, inactive LRRK2 kinase conformation. These new conformation-specific compounds will be invaluable as tools to study LRRK2's function and regulation and expand the potential therapeutic options for PD.
Cryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 277.15 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Details: Blot time 4s Blot force 5 Waiting time 20s.
-
Electron microscopy
Microscope
FEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recording
Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 13972 / Average electron dose: 55.0 e/Å2
Electron beam
Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
In the structure databanks used in Yorodumi, some data are registered as the other names, "COVID-19 virus" and "2019-nCoV". Here are the details of the virus and the list of structure data.
Jan 31, 2019. EMDB accession codes are about to change! (news from PDBe EMDB page)
EMDB accession codes are about to change! (news from PDBe EMDB page)
The allocation of 4 digits for EMDB accession codes will soon come to an end. Whilst these codes will remain in use, new EMDB accession codes will include an additional digit and will expand incrementally as the available range of codes is exhausted. The current 4-digit format prefixed with “EMD-” (i.e. EMD-XXXX) will advance to a 5-digit format (i.e. EMD-XXXXX), and so on. It is currently estimated that the 4-digit codes will be depleted around Spring 2019, at which point the 5-digit format will come into force.
The EM Navigator/Yorodumi systems omit the EMD- prefix.
Related info.:Q: What is EMD? / ID/Accession-code notation in Yorodumi/EM Navigator
Yorodumi is a browser for structure data from EMDB, PDB, SASBDB, etc.
This page is also the successor to EM Navigator detail page, and also detail information page/front-end page for Omokage search.
The word "yorodu" (or yorozu) is an old Japanese word meaning "ten thousand". "mi" (miru) is to see.
Related info.:EMDB / PDB / SASBDB / Comparison of 3 databanks / Yorodumi Search / Aug 31, 2016. New EM Navigator & Yorodumi / Yorodumi Papers / Jmol/JSmol / Function and homology information / Changes in new EM Navigator and Yorodumi