Membrane Protein / Ion Channel / Ligand-gate Ion Channel / P2X Receptor / Allosteric Antagonist / High-Affinity Agonist
Function / homology
Function and homology information
Platelet homeostasis / The NLRP3 inflammasome / NAD transport / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / phospholipid transfer to membrane / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / positive regulation of bleb assembly / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization ...Platelet homeostasis / The NLRP3 inflammasome / NAD transport / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / phospholipid transfer to membrane / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / positive regulation of bleb assembly / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization / positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production / positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling / plasma membrane organization / purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway / collagen metabolic process / positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion / bleb assembly / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / ATP export / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / positive regulation of catalytic activity / pore complex assembly / negative regulation of cell volume / positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / vesicle budding from membrane / programmed cell death / response to fluid shear stress / bleb / ceramide biosynthetic process / skeletal system morphogenesis / T cell proliferation / negative regulation of bone resorption / positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / cell volume homeostasis / homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue / T cell homeostasis / positive regulation of ossification / cellular response to dsRNA / phospholipid translocation / response to zinc ion / response to ATP / positive regulation of bone mineralization / positive regulation of glutamate secretion / sodium channel activity / protein homotrimerization / positive regulation of MAP kinase activity / regulation of sodium ion transport / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / neuronal action potential / response to electrical stimulus / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly / membrane depolarization / potassium channel activity / response to mechanical stimulus / response to bacterium / extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / monoatomic cation transport / cell morphogenesis / negative regulation of MAPK cascade / release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / sensory perception of pain / apoptotic signaling pathway / positive regulation of glycolytic process / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / gene expression / positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity / positive regulation of protein secretion / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / positive regulation of cytokine production / mitochondrion organization / neuromuscular junction / lipopolysaccharide binding / protein processing / protein catabolic process / response to calcium ion / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / positive regulation of protein phosphorylation / calcium ion transmembrane transport / calcium ion transport / terminal bouton / cell-cell junction / nuclear envelope / signaling receptor activity / response to lipopolysaccharide / channel activity / scaffold protein binding / protein phosphorylation / positive regulation of MAPK cascade / inflammatory response / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / postsynapse / defense response to Gram-positive bacterium / response to xenobiotic stimulus / positive regulation of apoptotic process / copper ion binding / external side of plasma membrane Similarity search - Function
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI)
R00HL138129
United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
DP2GM149551
United States
Citation
Journal: Sci Adv / Year: 2024 Title: P2X receptors exhibit at least three modes of allosteric antagonism. Authors: Adam C Oken / Ismayn A Ditter / Nicolas E Lisi / Ipsita Krishnamurthy / Michael H Godsey / Steven E Mansoor / Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric ion channels activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) that contribute to pathophysiological processes ranging from asthma to neuropathic pain and neurodegeneration. A ...P2X receptors are trimeric ion channels activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) that contribute to pathophysiological processes ranging from asthma to neuropathic pain and neurodegeneration. A number of small-molecule antagonists have been identified for these important pharmaceutical targets. However, the molecular pharmacology of P2X receptors is poorly understood because of the chemically disparate nature of antagonists and their differential actions on the seven constituent subtypes. Here, we report high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of the homomeric rat P2X receptor bound to five previously known small-molecule allosteric antagonists and a sixth antagonist that we identify. Our structural, biophysical, and electrophysiological data define the molecular determinants of allosteric antagonism in this pharmacologically relevant receptor, revealing three distinct classes of antagonists that we call shallow, deep, and starfish. Starfish binders, exemplified by the previously unidentified antagonist methyl blue, represent a unique class of inhibitors with distinct functional properties that could be exploited to develop potent P2X ligands with substantial clinical impact.
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