Membrane Protein / Ion Channel / Ligand-gate Ion Channel / P2X Receptor / Allosteric Antagonist / High-Affinity Agonist
Function / homology
Function and homology information
The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization ...The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization / lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway / gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / pore complex assembly / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production / plasma membrane organization / positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / bleb / plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling / collagen metabolic process / negative regulation of cell volume / ATP export / T cell apoptotic process / positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion / bleb assembly / response to fluid shear stress / mitochondrial depolarization / vesicle budding from membrane / ceramide biosynthetic process / positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process / programmed cell death / prostaglandin secretion / positive regulation of ossification / cellular response to dsRNA / cell volume homeostasis / positive regulation of glutamate secretion / glutamate secretion / negative regulation of bone resorption / skeletal system morphogenesis / positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production / phospholipid translocation / response to zinc ion / response to ATP / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly / T cell homeostasis / : / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / protein secretion / monoatomic cation transport / membrane depolarization / negative regulation of MAPK cascade / positive regulation of bone mineralization / neuronal action potential / response to electrical stimulus / response to mechanical stimulus / T cell proliferation / regulation of sodium ion transport / extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue / release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / sensory perception of pain / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / positive regulation of glycolytic process / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / positive regulation of protein secretion / mitochondrion organization / establishment of localization in cell / response to bacterium / apoptotic signaling pathway / lipopolysaccharide binding / protein catabolic process / terminal bouton / : / T cell mediated cytotoxicity / cell morphogenesis / neuromuscular junction / protein processing / calcium ion transmembrane transport / positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / response to calcium ion / calcium ion transport / MAPK cascade / nuclear envelope / cell-cell junction / signaling receptor activity / channel activity / scaffold protein binding / gene expression / response to lipopolysaccharide / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / postsynapse / positive regulation of MAPK cascade Similarity search - Function
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI)
R00HL138129
United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
DP2GM149551
United States
Citation
Journal: Sci Adv / Year: 2024 Title: P2X receptors exhibit at least three modes of allosteric antagonism. Authors: Adam C Oken / Ismayn A Ditter / Nicolas E Lisi / Ipsita Krishnamurthy / Michael H Godsey / Steven E Mansoor / Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric ion channels activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) that contribute to pathophysiological processes ranging from asthma to neuropathic pain and neurodegeneration. A ...P2X receptors are trimeric ion channels activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) that contribute to pathophysiological processes ranging from asthma to neuropathic pain and neurodegeneration. A number of small-molecule antagonists have been identified for these important pharmaceutical targets. However, the molecular pharmacology of P2X receptors is poorly understood because of the chemically disparate nature of antagonists and their differential actions on the seven constituent subtypes. Here, we report high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of the homomeric rat P2X receptor bound to five previously known small-molecule allosteric antagonists and a sixth antagonist that we identify. Our structural, biophysical, and electrophysiological data define the molecular determinants of allosteric antagonism in this pharmacologically relevant receptor, revealing three distinct classes of antagonists that we call shallow, deep, and starfish. Starfish binders, exemplified by the previously unidentified antagonist methyl blue, represent a unique class of inhibitors with distinct functional properties that could be exploited to develop potent P2X ligands with substantial clinical impact.
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