National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
GM135343
United States
Citation
Journal: Nat Struct Mol Biol / Year: 2023 Title: Cryo-EM structures of Myomaker reveal a molecular basis for myoblast fusion. Authors: Tao Long / Yichi Zhang / Linda Donnelly / Hui Li / Yu-Chung Pien / Ning Liu / Eric N Olson / Xiaochun Li / Abstract: The fusion of mononucleated myoblasts produces multinucleated muscle fibers leading to the formation of skeletal muscle. Myomaker, a skeletal muscle-specific membrane protein, is essential for ...The fusion of mononucleated myoblasts produces multinucleated muscle fibers leading to the formation of skeletal muscle. Myomaker, a skeletal muscle-specific membrane protein, is essential for myoblast fusion. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of mouse Myomaker (mMymk) and Ciona robusta Myomaker (cMymk). Myomaker contains seven transmembrane helices (TMs) that adopt a G-protein-coupled receptor-like fold. TMs 2-4 form a dimeric interface, while TMs 3 and 5-7 create a lipid-binding site that holds the polar head of a phospholipid and allows the alkyl tails to insert into Myomaker. The similarity of cMymk and mMymk suggests a conserved Myomaker-mediated cell fusion mechanism across evolutionarily distant species. Functional analyses demonstrate the essentiality of the dimeric interface and the lipid-binding site for fusogenic activity, and heterologous cell-cell fusion assays show the importance of transcellular interactions of Myomaker protomers for myoblast fusion. Together, our findings provide structural and functional insights into the process of myoblast fusion.
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