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- EMDB-39874: Cryo-EM structure of the gdTCR-CD3 complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-39874
TitleCryo-EM structure of the gdTCR-CD3 complex
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: TCR-CD3
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain
    • Protein or peptide: TRA@ protein
    • Protein or peptide: CD3
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL
Keywordscomplex / immune / IMMUNE SYSTEM
Function / homology
Function and homology information


regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / gamma-delta T cell receptor complex / Fc-gamma receptor III complex / T cell anergy / positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin / positive regulation of T cell anergy / Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway / gamma-delta T cell activation / CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation / negative thymic T cell selection ...regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / gamma-delta T cell receptor complex / Fc-gamma receptor III complex / T cell anergy / positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin / positive regulation of T cell anergy / Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway / gamma-delta T cell activation / CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation / negative thymic T cell selection / positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation / alpha-beta T cell receptor complex / positive thymic T cell selection / positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface / signal complex assembly / Nef and signal transduction / positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion / smoothened signaling pathway / T cell receptor complex / Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse / Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains / positive regulation of interleukin-4 production / establishment or maintenance of cell polarity / dendrite development / protein complex oligomerization / alpha-beta T cell activation / Generation of second messenger molecules / FCGR activation / immunological synapse / Co-inhibition by PD-1 / Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis / T cell receptor binding / T cell costimulation / positive regulation of T cell proliferation / positive regulation of interleukin-2 production / positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / FCGR3A-mediated IL10 synthesis / cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway / protein tyrosine kinase binding / T cell activation / cerebellum development / negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway / FCGR3A-mediated phagocytosis / apoptotic signaling pathway / clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane / calcium-mediated signaling / Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation / SH3 domain binding / positive regulation of type II interferon production / Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell / cell-cell junction / transmembrane signaling receptor activity / Downstream TCR signaling / Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis / T cell receptor signaling pathway / protein transport / Clathrin-mediated endocytosis / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / cell body / protein-containing complex assembly / regulation of apoptotic process / dendritic spine / adaptive immune response / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / protein heterodimerization activity / negative regulation of gene expression / external side of plasma membrane / positive regulation of gene expression / protein kinase binding / endoplasmic reticulum / Golgi apparatus / protein homodimerization activity / identical protein binding / plasma membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta subunit / CD3 gamma/delta subunit, Ig-like domain / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain / Ig-like domain on T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain / CD3 protein, epsilon/gamma/delta subunit / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta subunit/High affinity IgE receptor gamma subunit / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain / : / Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif / Phosphorylated immunoreceptor signalling ITAM ...T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta subunit / CD3 gamma/delta subunit, Ig-like domain / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain / Ig-like domain on T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain / CD3 protein, epsilon/gamma/delta subunit / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta subunit/High affinity IgE receptor gamma subunit / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain / : / Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif / Phosphorylated immunoreceptor signalling ITAM / ITAM motif mammalian type profile. / Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif / Immunoglobulin subtype 2 / Immunoglobulin C-2 Type / Immunoglobulin V-Type / Immunoglobulin V-set domain / Immunoglobulin V-set domain / Immunoglobulin subtype / Immunoglobulin / Immunoglobulin C1-set / Immunoglobulin C1-set domain / Ig-like domain profile. / Immunoglobulin-like domain / Immunoglobulin-like domain superfamily / Immunoglobulin-like fold
Similarity search - Domain/homology
T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain / T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain / TRA@ protein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.43 Å
AuthorsBai Y / Zhu Y / Huang Z
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: Immunity / Year: 2025
Title: Phosphoantigen-induced inside-out stabilization of butyrophilin receptor complexes drives dimerization-dependent γδ TCR activation.
Authors: Yuwei Zhu / Wenbo Gao / Jianlin Zheng / Ye Bai / Xinyu Tian / Tengjin Huang / Zebin Lu / De Dong / Anqi Zhang / Changyou Guo / Zhiwei Huang /
Abstract: Phosphoantigens (pAgs), produced by infected or cancer cells, trigger the assembly of a membrane receptor complex comprising butyrophilin (BTN) members BTN3A1 and BTN2A1, leading to the activation of ...Phosphoantigens (pAgs), produced by infected or cancer cells, trigger the assembly of a membrane receptor complex comprising butyrophilin (BTN) members BTN3A1 and BTN2A1, leading to the activation of γδ T cells. BTN3A2 or BTN3A3 forms heteromers with BTN3A1, exhibiting higher γδ T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulating activity than BTN3A1 homomers. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure reveals a pAg-induced BTN2A1-BTN3A1 heterotetramer with a 2:2 stoichiometry, stabilized by interactions between the intracellular B30.2 domains and the extracellular immunoglobulin V (IgV) domains. BTN3A2 or BTN3A3 heterodimerizes with BTN3A1, forming a pAg-induced tetrameric complex with BTN2A1. However, BTN3A1 heterodimers are more stable than BTN3A1 homodimers in this interaction. Cryo-EM reveals that BTN2A1-BTN3A1-BTN3A2 binds two γδ TCR ectodomains, with one being sandwiched between the IgV domains of BTN2A1 and BTN3A2, while the other interacts with the free BTN2A1 IgV in the complex, as evidenced by functional data. Together, our findings uncover the mechanism of ligand-induced inside-out stabilization of BTN receptor complexes for dimeric activation of γδ TCR.
History
DepositionApr 24, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseApr 30, 2025-
Map releaseApr 30, 2025-
UpdateNov 12, 2025-
Current statusNov 12, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_39874.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_39874.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 125 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.1 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 352. Å		1.1 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 352. Å		1.1 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 352. Å

Surface

Projections

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.1 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.37
Minimum - Maximum-5.9638104 - 5.9065127
Average (Standard dev.)-0.0008496243 (±0.060612947)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions320320320
Spacing320320320
CellA=B=C: 352.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_39874_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_39874_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : TCR-CD3

EntireName: TCR-CD3
Components
  • Complex: TCR-CD3
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain
    • Protein or peptide: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain
    • Protein or peptide: TRA@ protein
    • Protein or peptide: CD3
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL

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Supramolecule #1: TCR-CD3

SupramoleculeName: TCR-CD3 / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#6
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain

MacromoleculeName: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 18.81052 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString:
MKWKALFTAA ILQAQLPITE AQSFGLLDPK LCYLLDGILF IYGVILTALF LRVKFSRSAD APAYQQGQNQ LYNELNLGRR EEYDVLDKR RGRDPEMGGK PQRRKNPQEG LYNELQKDKM AEAYSEIGMK GERRRGKGHD GLYQGLSTAT KDTYDALHMQ A LPPRS

UniProtKB: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain

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Macromolecule #2: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain

MacromoleculeName: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 18.949537 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString:
MEHSTFLSGL VLATLLSQVS PFKIPIEELE DRVFVNCNTS ITWVEGTVGT LLSDITRLDL GKRILDPRGI YRCNGTDIYK DKESTVQVH YRMCQSCVEL DPATVAGIIV TDVIATLLLA LGVFCFAGHE TGRLSGAADT QALLRNDQVY QPLRDRDDAQ Y SHLGGNWA RNK

UniProtKB: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain

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Macromolecule #3: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain

MacromoleculeName: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 23.174227 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MQSGTHWRVL GLCLLSVGVW GQDGNEEMGG ITQTPYKVSI SGTTVILTCP QYPGSEILWQ HNDKNIGGDE DDKNIGSDED HLSLKEFSE LEQSGYYVCY PRGSKPEDAN FYLYLRARVC ENCMEMDVMS VATIVIVDIC ITGGLLLLVY YWSKNRKAKA K PVTRGAGA ...String:
MQSGTHWRVL GLCLLSVGVW GQDGNEEMGG ITQTPYKVSI SGTTVILTCP QYPGSEILWQ HNDKNIGGDE DDKNIGSDED HLSLKEFSE LEQSGYYVCY PRGSKPEDAN FYLYLRARVC ENCMEMDVMS VATIVIVDIC ITGGLLLLVY YWSKNRKAKA K PVTRGAGA GGRQRGQNKE RPPPVPNPDY EPIRKGQRDL YSGLNQRRI

UniProtKB: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain

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Macromolecule #4: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain

MacromoleculeName: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 20.493457 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString:
MEQGKGLAVL ILAIILLQGT LAQSIKGNHL VKVYDYQEDG SVLLTCDAEA KNITWFKDGK MIGFLTEDKK KWNLGSNAKD PRGMYQCKG SQNKSKPLQV YYRMCQNCIE LNAATISGFL FAEIVSIFVL AVGVYFIAGQ DGVRQSRASD KQTLLPNDQL Y QPLKDRED DQYSHLQGNQ LRRN

UniProtKB: T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain

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Macromolecule #5: TRA@ protein

MacromoleculeName: TRA@ protein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 32.389428 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MLFSSLLCVF VAFSYSGSSV AQKVTQAQSS VSMPVRKAVT LNCLYETSWW SYYIFWYKQL PSKEMIFLIR QGSDEQNAKS GRYSVNFKK AAKSVALTIS ALQLEDSAKY FCALGDPGGL NTDKLIFGKG TRVTVEPRSQ PHTKPSVFVM KNGTNVACLV K EFYPKDIR ...String:
MLFSSLLCVF VAFSYSGSSV AQKVTQAQSS VSMPVRKAVT LNCLYETSWW SYYIFWYKQL PSKEMIFLIR QGSDEQNAKS GRYSVNFKK AAKSVALTIS ALQLEDSAKY FCALGDPGGL NTDKLIFGKG TRVTVEPRSQ PHTKPSVFVM KNGTNVACLV K EFYPKDIR INLVSSKKIT EFDPAIVISP SGKYNAVKLG KYEDSNSVTC SVQHDNKTVH STDFEVKTDS TDHVKPKETE NT KQPSKSC HKPKAIVHTE KVNMMSLTVL GLRMLFAKTV AVNFLLTAKL FFL

UniProtKB: TRA@ protein, TRA@ protein

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Macromolecule #6: CD3

MacromoleculeName: CD3 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 37.324605 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MRVALVVLLA FLSPASQKSS NLEGGTKSVT RPTRSSAEIT CDLTVINAFY IHWYLHQEGK APQRLLYYDV SNSKDVLESG LSPGKYYTH TPRRWSWILI LRNLIENDSG VYYCATWDRG NPKTHYYKKL FGSGTTLVVT DKQLDADVSP KPTIFLPSIA E TKLQKAGT ...String:
MRVALVVLLA FLSPASQKSS NLEGGTKSVT RPTRSSAEIT CDLTVINAFY IHWYLHQEGK APQRLLYYDV SNSKDVLESG LSPGKYYTH TPRRWSWILI LRNLIENDSG VYYCATWDRG NPKTHYYKKL FGSGTTLVVT DKQLDADVSP KPTIFLPSIA E TKLQKAGT YLCLLEKFFP DVIKIHWQEK KSNTILGSQE GNTMKTNDTY MKFSWLTVPE ESLDKEHRCI VRHENNKNGV DG EIIFPPI KTDVITMDPK DNASKDANDV ITMDPKDNWS KDANDTLLLQ LTNTSAYYTY LLLLLKSVVY FAIITCCLLR RTA FCCNGE KS

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Macromolecule #7: CHOLESTEROL

MacromoleculeName: CHOLESTEROL / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: CLR
Molecular weightTheoretical: 386.654 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: NITROGEN

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.5 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.43 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 1387252
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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