Journal: Nat Struct Mol Biol / Year: 2022 Title: Structure, mechanism and lipid-mediated remodeling of the mammalian Na/H exchanger NHA2. Authors: Rei Matsuoka / Roman Fudim / Sukkyeong Jung / Chenou Zhang / Andre Bazzone / Yurie Chatzikyriakidou / Carol V Robinson / Norimichi Nomura / So Iwata / Michael Landreh / Laura Orellana / ...Authors: Rei Matsuoka / Roman Fudim / Sukkyeong Jung / Chenou Zhang / Andre Bazzone / Yurie Chatzikyriakidou / Carol V Robinson / Norimichi Nomura / So Iwata / Michael Landreh / Laura Orellana / Oliver Beckstein / David Drew / Abstract: The Na/H exchanger SLC9B2, also known as NHA2, correlates with the long-sought-after Na/Li exchanger linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in humans. Despite the ...The Na/H exchanger SLC9B2, also known as NHA2, correlates with the long-sought-after Na/Li exchanger linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in humans. Despite the functional importance of NHA2, structural information and the molecular basis for its ion-exchange mechanism have been lacking. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of bison NHA2 in detergent and in nanodiscs, at 3.0 and 3.5 Å resolution, respectively. The bison NHA2 structure, together with solid-state membrane-based electrophysiology, establishes the molecular basis for electroneutral ion exchange. NHA2 consists of 14 transmembrane (TM) segments, rather than the 13 TMs previously observed in mammalian Na/H exchangers (NHEs) and related bacterial antiporters. The additional N-terminal helix in NHA2 forms a unique homodimer interface with a large intracellular gap between the protomers, which closes in the presence of phosphoinositol lipids. We propose that the additional N-terminal helix has evolved as a lipid-mediated remodeling switch for the regulation of NHA2 activity.
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