National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)
R01NS064357
United States
Citation
Journal: Sci Adv / Year: 2021 Title: Cryo-EM structures of excitatory amino acid transporter 3 visualize coupled substrate, sodium, and proton binding and transport. Authors: Biao Qiu / Doreen Matthies / Eva Fortea / Zhiheng Yu / Olga Boudker / Abstract: Human excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (hEAAT3) mediates glutamate uptake in neurons, intestine, and kidney. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of hEAAT3 in several functional states where the ...Human excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (hEAAT3) mediates glutamate uptake in neurons, intestine, and kidney. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of hEAAT3 in several functional states where the transporter is empty, bound to coupled sodium ions only, or fully loaded with three sodium ions, a proton, and the substrate aspartate. The structures suggest that hEAAT3 operates by an elevator mechanism involving three functionally independent subunits. When the substrate-binding site is near the cytoplasm, it has a remarkably low affinity for the substrate, perhaps facilitating its release and allowing the rapid transport turnover. The mechanism of the coupled uptake of the sodium ions and the substrate is conserved across evolutionarily distant families and is augmented by coupling to protons in EAATs. The structures further suggest a mechanism by which a conserved glutamate residue mediates proton symport.
Excitatoryaminoacidtransporter3 / Excitatory amino-acid carrier 1 / Neuronal and epithelial glutamate transporter / Sodium-dependent ...Excitatory amino-acid carrier 1 / Neuronal and epithelial glutamate transporter / Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 3 / Solute carrier family 1 member 1
Mass: 57275.168 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: N178T, N195T Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Details: The Glycine and Proline at the N terminal are the residues left after PreScission Protease treatment Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SLC1A1, EAAC1, EAAT3 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P43005
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