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- PDB-9tpw: cryo-ET structure of mTOR complex 2 on a PIP2-containing membrane -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9tpw
Titlecryo-ET structure of mTOR complex 2 on a PIP2-containing membrane
Components
  • Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
  • Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR
  • Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1
  • Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
KeywordsTRANSFERASE / Kinase / Complex / Signaling protein
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent catabolic process / RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / regulation of locomotor rhythm / T-helper 1 cell lineage commitment / positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt / positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells / regulation of membrane permeability / regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction ...positive regulation of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent catabolic process / RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / regulation of locomotor rhythm / T-helper 1 cell lineage commitment / positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt / positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells / regulation of membrane permeability / regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / TORC2 complex / cellular response to leucine starvation / TFIIIC-class transcription factor complex binding / heart valve morphogenesis / voluntary musculoskeletal movement / negative regulation of lysosome organization / TORC1 complex / regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress / calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade / positive regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I / RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of keratinocyte migration / regulation of osteoclast differentiation / MTOR signalling / energy reserve metabolic process / regulation of lysosome organization / cellular response to L-leucine / Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK / cellular response to nutrient / regulation of autophagosome assembly / Amino acids regulate mTORC1 / phosphatidic acid binding / negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction / cellular response to methionine / embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching / phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding / negative regulation of cell size / TORC2 signaling / cellular response to osmotic stress / phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding / cell projection organization / anoikis / inositol hexakisphosphate binding / cardiac muscle cell development / negative regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade / positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / regulation of myelination / negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus / positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III / positive regulation of ruffle assembly / regulation of cell size / positive regulation of myotube differentiation / lipid biosynthetic process / negative regulation of macroautophagy / regulation of establishment of cell polarity / Macroautophagy / Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer / positive regulation of actin filament polymerization / germ cell development / oligodendrocyte differentiation / phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding / TORC1 signaling / positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation / behavioral response to pain / response to amino acid / positive regulation of translational initiation / TOR signaling / mTORC1-mediated signalling / CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling / HSF1-dependent transactivation / regulation of macroautophagy / positive regulation of TOR signaling / enzyme-substrate adaptor activity / 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process / positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition / positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process / vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress / heart morphogenesis / regulation of cellular response to heat / positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly / neuronal action potential / T cell costimulation / phagocytic vesicle / positive regulation of stress fiber assembly / cardiac muscle contraction / phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding / positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation / negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway / cytoskeleton organization / endomembrane system / substantia nigra development / cellular response to nutrient levels / positive regulation of glycolytic process / cellular response to amino acid starvation / cellular response to starvation / Regulation of PTEN gene transcription / regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator / negative regulation of autophagy / VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity
Similarity search - Function
Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-terminal domain / Pianissimo family / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 4 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term ...Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-terminal domain / Pianissimo family / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 4 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / : / SIN1 Ras-binding domain / Sin1, N-terminal / Stress-activated map kinase interacting protein 1 (SIN1) / TORC2 component Sin1/Avo1 / SAPK-interacting protein 1, Pleckstrin-homology domain / Sin1, middle CRIM domain / SAPK-interacting protein 1 (Sin1), middle CRIM domain / SAPK-interacting protein 1 (Sin1), Pleckstrin-homology / Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 / Domain of unknown function DUF3385, target of rapamycin protein / Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR domain / Domain of unknown function / FKBP12-rapamycin binding domain / Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR / FKBP12-rapamycin binding domain superfamily / FKBP12-rapamycin binding domain / Rapamycin binding domain / : / Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR-like, HEAT repeats / : / FATC domain / PIK-related kinase, FAT / FAT domain / FATC / FATC domain / PIK-related kinase / FAT domain profile. / FATC domain profile. / Quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase-like superfamily / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 1. / Phosphatidylinositol 3/4-kinase, conserved site / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 2. / Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic domain superfamily / Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, catalytic domain / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinase / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases catalytic domain profile. / Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic domain / Armadillo-like helical / PH-like domain superfamily / Tetratricopeptide-like helical domain superfamily / WD domain, G-beta repeat / Armadillo-type fold / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR / Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 / Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / subtomogram averaging / cryo EM / Resolution: 6.4 Å
AuthorsHay, I.M. / Ahsan, B. / Williams, R.L.
Funding support United Kingdom, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Cancer Research UKDRCPGM 100014 United Kingdom
Medical Research Council (MRC, United Kingdom)MC_U105184308 United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Biorxiv / Year: 2026
Title: Structural basis for a phosphoinositide-driven mTORC2-AKT positive feedback loop
Authors: Hay, I.M. / Bourguet, M. / Ahsan, B. / Perisic, O. / Anandapadamanaban, M. / Williams, R.L.
History
DepositionDec 18, 2025Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Data content type: Mask / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Mask / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 22, 2026Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR
B: Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR
C: Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
D: Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
E: Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
F: Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
G: Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1
H: Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)1,168,37410
Polymers1,168,2438
Non-polymers1312
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR / FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1 / FKBP12-rapamycin complex- ...FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1 / FKBP12-rapamycin complex-associated protein / Mammalian target of rapamycin / mTOR / Mechanistic target of rapamycin / Rapamycin and FKBP12 target 1 / Rapamycin target protein 1 / Tyrosine-protein kinase mTOR


Mass: 293557.656 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Details: N-terminal 2xStrep-tag / Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MTOR, FRAP, FRAP1, FRAP2, RAFT1, RAPT1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P42345, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase
#2: Protein Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 / TORC subunit LST8 / G protein beta subunit-like / Protein GbetaL / Mammalian lethal with SEC13 ...TORC subunit LST8 / G protein beta subunit-like / Protein GbetaL / Mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8 / mLST8


Mass: 35910.090 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MLST8, GBL, LST8 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9BVC4
#3: Protein Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR / AVO3 homolog / hAVO3


Mass: 195552.031 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Details: N-terminal 3xFLAG tag / Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RICTOR, KIAA1999 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q6R327
#4: Protein Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 / TORC2 subunit MAPKAP1 / Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2-associated protein 1 / Stress-activated ...TORC2 subunit MAPKAP1 / Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2-associated protein 1 / Stress-activated map kinase-interacting protein 1 / SAPK-interacting protein 1 / mSIN1


Mass: 59101.582 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MAPKAP1, MIP1, SIN1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9BPZ7
#5: Chemical ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn
Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: subtomogram averaging

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: mTOR complex 2 / Type: COMPLEX
Details: mTOR complex 2 on a 5% phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate containing membrane.
Entity ID: #1-#4 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.58 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
Buffer component
IDConc.NameBuffer-ID
125 mMHEPES1
2150 mMNaCl1
30.5 mMTCEP1
40.5 mMmagnesium chloride1
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 200 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R2/2
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 287 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 81000 X / Nominal defocus max: 5000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 3000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingElectron dose: 3 e/Å2 / Avg electron dose per subtomogram: 140 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: TFS FALCON 4i (4k x 4k)
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: TFS Selectris X / Energyfilter slit width: 10 eV

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategoryDetails (eV)
1crYOLOvolume selectiontomography mode
2PACEtomoimage acquisition
3SerialEMimage acquisition
5RELION5CTF correction
11RELION5initial Euler assignment
12RELION5final Euler assignment
13RELION5classification
14RELION53D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 6.4 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 38469 / Symmetry type: POINT
EM volume selectionNum. of tomograms: 180 / Num. of volumes extracted: 88000

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