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- PDB-6m1h: CryoEM structure of human PAC1 receptor in complex with maxadilan -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6m1h
TitleCryoEM structure of human PAC1 receptor in complex with maxadilan
Components
  • (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...) x 3
  • Maxadilan
  • Nanobody 35
  • Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor
KeywordsPROTEIN BINDING / GPCR
Function / homology
Function and homology information


negative regulation of response to reactive oxygen species / development of primary female sexual characteristics / vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity / positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling / NGF-independant TRKA activation / G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity / positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction / neuropeptide binding / positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol ...negative regulation of response to reactive oxygen species / development of primary female sexual characteristics / vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity / positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling / NGF-independant TRKA activation / G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity / positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction / neuropeptide binding / positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / PKA activation in glucagon signalling / peptide hormone binding / adenylate cyclase binding / hair follicle placode formation / developmental growth / D1 dopamine receptor binding / bicellular tight junction / multicellular organismal response to stress / intracellular transport / renal water homeostasis / Hedgehog 'off' state / adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway / activation of adenylate cyclase activity / cellular response to glucagon stimulus / cAMP-mediated signaling / adenylate cyclase activator activity / regulation of insulin secretion / trans-Golgi network membrane / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / bone development / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / caveola / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G protein activity / G-protein activation / platelet aggregation / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / cognition / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / small GTPase binding / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / photoreceptor disc membrane / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / G alpha (z) signalling events / vasodilation / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / sensory perception of taste / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / sensory perception of smell / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / GTPase binding / response to estradiol / positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis / retina development in camera-type eye / signaling receptor activity / Ca2+ pathway / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (i) signalling events / fibroblast proliferation / spermatogenesis / G alpha (s) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / G alpha (q) signalling events / response to ethanol / Ras protein signal transduction / cell population proliferation / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell differentiation / receptor complex / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / endosome / response to xenobiotic stimulus
Similarity search - Function
GPCR, family 2, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type 1 receptor / Transducin (heterotrimeric G protein), gamma chain / G Protein Gi Gamma 2 / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1. / : / GPCR, family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1. / Domain present in hormone receptors / Hormone receptor domain / GPCR family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain superfamily ...GPCR, family 2, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type 1 receptor / Transducin (heterotrimeric G protein), gamma chain / G Protein Gi Gamma 2 / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1. / : / GPCR, family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1. / Domain present in hormone receptors / Hormone receptor domain / GPCR family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain superfamily / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 2. / GPCR, family 2, secretin-like, conserved site / GPCR, family 2, secretin-like / 7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family) / GPCR, family 2-like / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 2. / G-protein alpha subunit, group S / YVTN repeat-like/Quinoprotein amine dehydrogenase / 7 Propeller / Methylamine Dehydrogenase; Chain H / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / Few Secondary Structures / Irregular / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase / Mainly Beta
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Maxadilan / Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Lama glama (llama)
Lutzomyia longipalpis (insect)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.6 Å
AuthorsSong, X. / Wang, J. / Zhang, D. / Wang, H.W. / Ma, Y.
CitationJournal: Cell Res / Year: 2020
Title: Cryo-EM structures of PAC1 receptor reveal ligand binding mechanism.
Authors: Jia Wang / Xianqiang Song / Dandan Zhang / Xiaoqing Chen / Xun Li / Yaping Sun / Cui Li / Yunpeng Song / Yao Ding / Ruobing Ren / Essa Hu Harrington / Liaoyuan A Hu / Wenge Zhong / Cen Xu / ...Authors: Jia Wang / Xianqiang Song / Dandan Zhang / Xiaoqing Chen / Xun Li / Yaping Sun / Cui Li / Yunpeng Song / Yao Ding / Ruobing Ren / Essa Hu Harrington / Liaoyuan A Hu / Wenge Zhong / Cen Xu / Xin Huang / Hong-Wei Wang / Yingli Ma /
Abstract: The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor (PAC1R) belongs to the secretin receptor family and is widely distributed in the central neural system and peripheral organs. ...The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor (PAC1R) belongs to the secretin receptor family and is widely distributed in the central neural system and peripheral organs. Abnormal activation of the receptor mediates trigeminovascular activation and sensitization, which is highly related to migraine, making PAC1R a potential therapeutic target. Elucidation of PAC1R activation mechanism would benefit discovery of therapeutic drugs for neuronal disorders. PAC1R activity is governed by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), known as a major vasodilator neuropeptide, and maxadilan, a native peptide from the sand fly, which is also capable of activating the receptor with similar potency. These peptide ligands have divergent sequences yet initiate convergent PAC1R activity. It is of interest to understand the mechanism of PAC1R ligand recognition and receptor activity regulation through structural biology. Here we report two near-atomic resolution cryo-EM structures of PAC1R activated by PACAP38 or maxadilan, providing structural insights into two distinct ligand binding modes. The structures illustrate flexibility of the extracellular domain (ECD) for ligands with distinct conformations, where ECD accommodates ligands in different orientations while extracellular loop 1 (ECL1) protrudes to further anchor the ligand bound in the orthosteric site. By structure-guided molecular modeling and mutagenesis, we tested residues in the ligand-binding pockets and identified clusters of residues that are critical for receptor activity. The structures reported here for the first time elucidate the mechanism of specificity and flexibility of ligand recognition and binding for PAC1R, and provide insights toward the design of therapeutic molecules targeting PAC1R.
History
DepositionFeb 26, 2020Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Mar 11, 2020Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1May 27, 2020Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor
B: Maxadilan
C: Nanobody 35
D: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
E: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
F: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)160,5826
Polymers160,5826
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area15760 Å2
ΔGint-94 kcal/mol
Surface area52830 Å2

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Components

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Protein , 2 types, 2 molecules AB

#1: Protein Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor


Mass: 47967.223 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P41586*PLUS
#2: Protein Maxadilan


Mass: 6881.820 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Lutzomyia longipalpis (insect) / References: UniProt: P30659

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Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ... , 3 types, 3 molecules DEF

#4: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 7861.143 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Production host: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P59768
#5: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Transducin beta chain 1


Mass: 37473.980 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Production host: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P62873
#6: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short


Mass: 45683.434 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P63092*PLUS

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Antibody , 1 types, 1 molecules C

#3: Antibody Nanobody 35


Mass: 14714.320 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Lama glama (llama) / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: PACAP38-PAC1R complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.15 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenConc.: 5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 %

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 0 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 50 µm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Detector mode: SUPER-RESOLUTION / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)
Image scansWidth: 3838 / Height: 3710

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
4CTFFIND4.1CTF correction
7UCSF Chimeramodel fitting
9PHENIXmodel refinement
13RELION33D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 58451 / Algorithm: BACK PROJECTION / Num. of class averages: 1 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingPDB-ID: 5B16

5b16

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