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- EMDB-3061: Cryo-EM structure of the human gamma-secretase complex at 3.4 ang... -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-3061
TitleCryo-EM structure of the human gamma-secretase complex at 3.4 angstrom resolution.
Map data3D cryo-EM reconstruction of the human gamma-secretase complex at 3.4 angstrom resolution.
Sample
  • Sample: human gamma-secretase
  • Protein or peptide: gamma-secretase
Keywordscryo-EM / human gamma-secretase / membrane protein / single particle
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Cajal-Retzius cell differentiation / positive regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane / amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process / negative regulation of core promoter binding / positive regulation of coagulation / gamma-secretase complex / aspartic endopeptidase activity, intramembrane cleaving / short-term synaptic potentiation / positive regulation of endopeptidase activity / positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process ...Cajal-Retzius cell differentiation / positive regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane / amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process / negative regulation of core promoter binding / positive regulation of coagulation / gamma-secretase complex / aspartic endopeptidase activity, intramembrane cleaving / short-term synaptic potentiation / positive regulation of endopeptidase activity / positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process / protein catabolic process at postsynapse / Noncanonical activation of NOTCH3 / TGFBR3 PTM regulation / sequestering of calcium ion / Notch receptor processing / central nervous system myelination / synaptic vesicle targeting / negative regulation of axonogenesis / membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis / regulation of resting membrane potential / choline transport / T cell activation involved in immune response / skin morphogenesis / NOTCH4 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus / growth factor receptor binding / regulation of synaptic vesicle cycle / dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning / neural retina development / myeloid dendritic cell differentiation / L-glutamate import across plasma membrane / Regulated proteolysis of p75NTR / endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis / metanephros development / regulation of phosphorylation / locomotion / brain morphogenesis / nuclear outer membrane / amyloid precursor protein metabolic process / skeletal system morphogenesis / myeloid cell homeostasis / smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis / regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation / astrocyte activation involved in immune response / regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway / embryonic limb morphogenesis / aggresome / cell fate specification / glutamate receptor signaling pathway / ciliary rootlet / azurophil granule membrane / regulation of postsynapse organization / G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Golgi cisterna membrane / positive regulation of amyloid fibril formation / mitochondrial transport / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Aspartic endopeptidases / positive regulation of dendritic spine development / positive regulation of receptor recycling / adult behavior / blood vessel development / regulation of neuron projection development / heart looping / amyloid precursor protein catabolic process / cerebral cortex cell migration / protein glycosylation / amyloid-beta formation / negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / endopeptidase activator activity / autophagosome assembly / EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells / neuron development / somitogenesis / smooth endoplasmic reticulum / hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation / negative regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / calcium ion homeostasis / Nuclear signaling by ERBB4 / T cell proliferation / rough endoplasmic reticulum / Notch signaling pathway / regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / neuron projection maintenance / NOTCH2 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus / Degradation of the extracellular matrix / post-embryonic development / positive regulation of glycolytic process / NRIF signals cell death from the nucleus / cellular response to calcium ion / Activated NOTCH1 Transmits Signal to the Nucleus / negative regulation of protein phosphorylation / cerebellum development / thymus development / epithelial cell proliferation / apoptotic signaling pathway / dendritic shaft / NOTCH3 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus / astrocyte activation / PDZ domain binding / neuron migration
Similarity search - Function
Peptidase A22A, presenilin 1 / Gamma-secretase subunit Aph-1 / Gamma-secretase aspartyl protease complex, presenilin enhancer-2 subunit / Aph-1 protein / Presenilin enhancer-2 subunit of gamma secretase / Peptidase A22A, presenilin / Presenilin, C-terminal / Presenilin / Nicastrin / Nicastrin, small lobe ...Peptidase A22A, presenilin 1 / Gamma-secretase subunit Aph-1 / Gamma-secretase aspartyl protease complex, presenilin enhancer-2 subunit / Aph-1 protein / Presenilin enhancer-2 subunit of gamma secretase / Peptidase A22A, presenilin / Presenilin, C-terminal / Presenilin / Nicastrin / Nicastrin, small lobe / Nicastrin / Nicastrin small lobe / Presenilin/signal peptide peptidase / Presenilin, signal peptide peptidase, family
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Presenilin-1 / Nicastrin / Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A / Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / negative staining / Resolution: 3.4 Å
AuthorsBai XC / Yan CY / Yang GH / Lu PL / Ma D / Sun LF / Zhou R / Scheres SHW / Shi YG
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2015
Title: An atomic structure of human γ-secretase.
Authors: Xiao-Chen Bai / Chuangye Yan / Guanghui Yang / Peilong Lu / Dan Ma / Linfeng Sun / Rui Zhou / Sjors H W Scheres / Yigong Shi /
Abstract: Dysfunction of the intramembrane protease γ-secretase is thought to cause Alzheimer's disease, with most mutations derived from Alzheimer's disease mapping to the catalytic subunit presenilin 1 (PS1) ...Dysfunction of the intramembrane protease γ-secretase is thought to cause Alzheimer's disease, with most mutations derived from Alzheimer's disease mapping to the catalytic subunit presenilin 1 (PS1). Here we report an atomic structure of human γ-secretase at 3.4 Å resolution, determined by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. Mutations derived from Alzheimer's disease affect residues at two hotspots in PS1, each located at the centre of a distinct four transmembrane segment (TM) bundle. TM2 and, to a lesser extent, TM6 exhibit considerable flexibility, yielding a plastic active site and adaptable surrounding elements. The active site of PS1 is accessible from the convex side of the TM horseshoe, suggesting considerable conformational changes in nicastrin extracellular domain after substrate recruitment. Component protein APH-1 serves as a scaffold, anchoring the lone transmembrane helix from nicastrin and supporting the flexible conformation of PS1. Ordered phospholipids stabilize the complex inside the membrane. Our structure serves as a molecular basis for mechanistic understanding of γ-secretase function.
History
DepositionJun 23, 2015-
Header (metadata) releaseJul 1, 2015-
Map releaseAug 12, 2015-
UpdateSep 9, 2015-
Current statusSep 9, 2015Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.08
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by height
  • Surface level: 0.08
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-5a63
  • Surface level: 0.08
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

EMD-3061.jpg

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_3061.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 21.7 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Annotation3D cryo-EM reconstruction of the human gamma-secretase complex at 3.4 angstrom resolution.
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.4 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 252. Å		1.4 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 252. Å		1.4 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 252. Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.4 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.08 / Movie #1: 0.08
Minimum - Maximum-0.2716414 - 0.44705674
Average (Standard dev.)0.0000526 (±0.01502737)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions180180180
Spacing180180180
CellA=B=C: 252.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.41.41.4
M x/y/z180180180
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z252.000252.000252.000
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ-800-4
NX/NY/NZ1611358
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS180180180
D min/max/mean-0.2720.4470.000

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Supplemental data

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Supplemental map: emd 3061 additional 1.map

Fileemd_3061_additional_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Supplemental map: emd 3061 half map 1.map

Fileemd_3061_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Supplemental map: emd 3061 half map 2.map

Fileemd_3061_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : human gamma-secretase

EntireName: human gamma-secretase
Components
  • Sample: human gamma-secretase
  • Protein or peptide: gamma-secretase

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Supramolecule #1000: human gamma-secretase

SupramoleculeName: human gamma-secretase / type: sample / ID: 1000 / Oligomeric state: heterotetramer / Number unique components: 4
Molecular weightExperimental: 170 KDa / Theoretical: 170 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: gamma-secretase

MacromoleculeName: gamma-secretase / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Oligomeric state: Heterotetramer / Recombinant expression: Yes
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / synonym: Human / Cell: HEK 293F cells / Location in cell: membrane
Molecular weightExperimental: 170 KDa / Theoretical: 170 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human) / Recombinant cell: HEK 293F cells / Recombinant plasmid: pMLink

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodnegative staining, cryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration6 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4
Details: 25 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl and amphipol A8-35
StainingType: NEGATIVE / Details: cryo-EM
GridDetails: 300 mesh Au 1.2/1.3 Quantifoil grid, glow discharged for 1 minute
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 85 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Method: Blot for 4 seconds before plunging

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
TemperatureMin: 80 K / Max: 90 K / Average: 85 K
Specialist opticsEnergy filter - Name: Gatan Quantum / Energy filter - Lower energy threshold: 0.0 eV / Energy filter - Upper energy threshold: 20.0 eV
DateOct 2, 2014
Image recordingCategory: CCD / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 (4k x 4k) / Digitization - Sampling interval: 5 µm / Number real images: 2925 / Average electron dose: 38 e/Å2
Details: 20 frames were recorded by the direct electron detector
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsCalibrated magnification: 35714 / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 3.2 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.7 µm / Nominal magnification: 81000
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

DetailsUse a newly developed statistical movie processing and particle polishing approach to compensate for beam-induced movement and reduce the effect of radiation-damage.
CTF correctionDetails: Each particle
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.4 Å / Resolution method: OTHER / Software - Name: CTFFIND3, RELION / Number images used: 159549

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