Journal: Commun Biol / Year: 2021 Title: In vitro functional analysis of gRNA sites regulating assembly of hepatitis B virus. Authors: Nikesh Patel / Sam Clark / Eva U Weiß / Carlos P Mata / Jen Bohon / Erik R Farquhar / Daniel P Maskell / Neil A Ranson / Reidun Twarock / Peter G Stockley / Abstract: The roles of RNA sequence/structure motifs, Packaging Signals (PSs), for regulating assembly of an HBV genome transcript have been investigated in an efficient in vitro assay containing only core ...The roles of RNA sequence/structure motifs, Packaging Signals (PSs), for regulating assembly of an HBV genome transcript have been investigated in an efficient in vitro assay containing only core protein (Cp) and RNA. Variants of three conserved PSs, within the genome of a strain not used previously, preventing correct presentation of a Cp-recognition loop motif are differentially deleterious for assembly of nucleocapsid-like particles (NCPs). Cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the T = 4 NCPs formed with the wild-type gRNA transcript, reveal that the interior of the Cp shell is in contact with lower resolution density, potentially encompassing the arginine-rich protein domains and gRNA. Symmetry relaxation followed by asymmetric reconstruction reveal that such contacts are made at every symmetry axis. We infer from their regulation of assembly that some of these contacts would involve gRNA PSs, and confirmed this by X-ray RNA footprinting. Mutation of the ε stem-loop in the gRNA, where polymerase binds in vivo, produces a poor RNA assembly substrate with Cp alone, largely due to alterations in its conformation. The results show that RNA PSs regulate assembly of HBV genomic transcripts in vitro, and therefore may play similar roles in vivo, in concert with other molecular factors.
Mass: 21125.199 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Hepatitis B virus / Gene: pre-C/C, C / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: Q765V7
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Experimental details
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Experiment
Experiment
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experiment
Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction
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Sample preparation
Component
Name: Hepatitis B virus / Type: VIRUS / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)
Organism: Hepatitis B virus
Source (recombinant)
Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Details of virus
Empty: NO / Enveloped: NO / Isolate: OTHER / Type: VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLE
Virus shell
Diameter: 342 nm / Triangulation number (T number): 4
Buffer solution
pH: 7.5
Specimen
Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen support
Grid type: Quantifoil
Vitrification
Instrument: LEICA EM GP / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K
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Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
Microscopy
Model: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gun
Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lens
Mode: OTHER / Nominal magnification: 75000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 750 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm
Average exposure time: 1.5 sec. / Electron dose: 53.1 e/Å2 / Detector mode: INTEGRATING / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON III (4k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 2658
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