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- EMDB-31052: Cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G variant, two RBD-up c... -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-31052
TitleCryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G variant, two RBD-up conformation 2
Map dataCryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G variant, two RBD-up conformation 2
Sample
  • Organelle or cellular component: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsSARS-CoV-2 / Spike protein / VIRAL PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell ...Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor ligand activity / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.4 Å
AuthorsYang TJ / Yu PY
Funding support Taiwan, 4 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, Taiwan)109-3114-Y-001-001 Taiwan
Academia Sinica (Taiwan)AS-CDA-109-L08 Taiwan
Academia Sinica (Taiwan)AS-CFII-108-110 Taiwan
Academia Sinica (Taiwan)AS-CFII108-111 Taiwan
CitationJournal: J Biol Chem / Year: 2021
Title: D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enhances viral fitness by desensitizing it to temperature-dependent denaturation.
Authors: Tzu-Jing Yang / Pei-Yu Yu / Yuan-Chih Chang / Shang-Te Danny Hsu /
Abstract: The D614G mutation in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 alters the fitness of the virus, leading to the dominant form observed in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the molecular basis of the mechanism by ...The D614G mutation in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 alters the fitness of the virus, leading to the dominant form observed in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the molecular basis of the mechanism by which this mutation enhances fitness is not clear. Here we demonstrated by cryo-electron microscopy that the D614G mutation resulted in increased propensity of multiple receptor-binding domains (RBDs) in an upward conformation poised for host receptor binding. Multiple substates within the one RBD-up or two RBD-up conformational space were determined. According to negative staining electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and differential scanning fluorimetry, the most significant impact of the mutation lies in its ability to eliminate the unusual cold-induced unfolding characteristics and to significantly increase the thermal stability under physiological pH. The D614G spike variant also exhibited exceptional long-term stability when stored at 37 °C for up to 2 months. Our findings shed light on how the D614G mutation enhances the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 through a stabilizing mutation and suggest an approach for better design of spike protein-based conjugates for vaccine development.
History
DepositionMar 8, 2021-
Header (metadata) releaseJun 23, 2021-
Map releaseJun 23, 2021-
UpdateOct 23, 2024-
Current statusOct 23, 2024Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.22
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 0.22
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-7eb5
  • Surface level: 0.22
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_31052.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_31052.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 216 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationCryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G variant, two RBD-up conformation 2
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.1 Å/pix.
x 384 pix.
= 422.4 Å		1.1 Å/pix.
x 384 pix.
= 422.4 Å		1.1 Å/pix.
x 384 pix.
= 422.4 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.1 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.22 / Movie #1: 0.22
Minimum - Maximum-1.0732583 - 2.2082021
Average (Standard dev.)-0.001152867 (±0.04253334)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions384384384
Spacing384384384
CellA=B=C: 422.40002 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.11.11.1
M x/y/z384384384
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z422.400422.400422.400
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ192139186
NX/NY/NZ211274246
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS384384384
D min/max/mean-1.0732.208-0.001

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein

EntireName: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
Components
  • Organelle or cellular component: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein

SupramoleculeName: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein / type: organelle_or_cellular_component / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1 / Details: D614G variant, two RBD-up conformation 2
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 540 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 142.178297 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF ...String:
MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF EYVSQPFLMD LEGKQGNFKN LREFVFKNID GYFKIYSKHT PINLVRDLPQ GFSALEPLVD LPIGINITRF QT LLALHRS YLTPGDSSSG WTAGAAAYYV GYLQPRTFLL KYNENGTITD AVDCALDPLS ETKCTLKSFT VEKGIYQTSN FRV QPTESI VRFPNITNLC PFGEVFNATR FASVYAWNRK RISNCVADYS VLYNSASFST FKCYGVSPTK LNDLCFTNVY ADSF VIRGD EVRQIAPGQT GKIADYNYKL PDDFTGCVIA WNSNNLDSKV GGNYNYLYRL FRKSNLKPFE RDISTEIYQA GSTPC NGVE GFNCYFPLQS YGFQPTNGVG YQPYRVVVLS FELLHAPATV CGPKKSTNLV KNKCVNFNFN GLTGTGVLTE SNKKFL PFQ QFGRDIADTT DAVRDPQTLE ILDITPCSFG GVSVITPGTN TSNQVAVLYQ GVNCTEVPVA IHADQLTPTW RVYSTGS NV FQTRAGCLIG AEHVNNSYEC DIPIGAGICA SYQTQTNSPG SASSVASQSI IAYTMSLGAE NSVAYSNNSI AIPTNFTI S VTTEILPVSM TKTSVDCTMY ICGDSTECSN LLLQYGSFCT QLNRALTGIA VEQDKNTQEV FAQVKQIYKT PPIKDFGGF NFSQILPDPS KPSKRSFIED LLFNKVTLAD AGFIKQYGDC LGDIAARDLI CAQKFNGLTV LPPLLTDEMI AQYTSALLAG TITSGWTFG AGAALQIPFA MQMAYRFNGI GVTQNVLYEN QKLIANQFNS AIGKIQDSLS STASALGKLQ DVVNQNAQAL N TLVKQLSS NFGAISSVLN DILSRLDPPE AEVQIDRLIT GRLQSLQTYV TQQLIRAAEI RASANLAATK MSECVLGQSK RV DFCGKGY HLMSFPQSAP HGVVFLHVTY VPAQEKNFTT APAICHDGKA HFPREGVFVS NGTHWFVTQR NFYEPQIITT DNT FVSGNC DVVIGIVNNT VYDPLQPELD SFKEELDKYF KNHTSPDVDL GDISGINASV VNIQKEIDRL NEVAKNLNES LIDL QELGK YEQEFGSGGY IPEAPRDGQA YVRKDGEWVL LSTFLKGQDN SADIQHSGRP LESRGPFEQK LISEEDLNMH TGHHH HHH

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #3: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 20 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration1 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.6
Component:
ConcentrationFormulaName
50.0 mMTris
150.0 mMNaCl
0.02 %sodium azide
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV
Details: blot for 2.5 seconds before plunging; blot force: 0; waiting time: 30s.

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 1.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm
Sample stageCooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Startup modelType of model: INSILICO MODEL
Details: generated by ab-initio reconstruction in cryoSparc v2
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.4 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC / Number images used: 93193
Initial angle assignmentType: RANDOM ASSIGNMENT / Software - Name: cryoSPARC
Final angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION / Software - Name: cryoSPARC

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