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- PDB-7eaz: Cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G variant, one RBD-up c... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7eaz
TitleCryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G variant, one RBD-up conformation 1
ComponentsSpike glycoprotein
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / SARS-CoV-2 / Spike protein
Function / homology
Function and homology information


symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / viral translation / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion ...symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / viral translation / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / receptor ligand activity / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / symbiont entry into host cell / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. ...Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2 / Jelly Rolls / Sandwich / Mainly Beta
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.5 Å
AuthorsYang, T.J. / Yu, P.Y. / Chang, Y.C. / Hsu, S.T.D.
Funding support Taiwan, 4items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, Taiwan)109-3114-Y-001-001 Taiwan
Academia Sinica (Taiwan)AS-CDA-109-L08 Taiwan
Academia Sinica (Taiwan)AS-CFII-108-110 Taiwan
Academia Sinica (Taiwan)AS-CFII108-111 Taiwan
CitationJournal: J Biol Chem / Year: 2021
Title: D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enhances viral fitness by desensitizing it to temperature-dependent denaturation.
Authors: Tzu-Jing Yang / Pei-Yu Yu / Yuan-Chih Chang / Shang-Te Danny Hsu /
Abstract: The D614G mutation in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 alters the fitness of the virus, leading to the dominant form observed in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the molecular basis of the mechanism by ...The D614G mutation in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 alters the fitness of the virus, leading to the dominant form observed in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the molecular basis of the mechanism by which this mutation enhances fitness is not clear. Here we demonstrated by cryo-electron microscopy that the D614G mutation resulted in increased propensity of multiple receptor-binding domains (RBDs) in an upward conformation poised for host receptor binding. Multiple substates within the one RBD-up or two RBD-up conformational space were determined. According to negative staining electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and differential scanning fluorimetry, the most significant impact of the mutation lies in its ability to eliminate the unusual cold-induced unfolding characteristics and to significantly increase the thermal stability under physiological pH. The D614G spike variant also exhibited exceptional long-term stability when stored at 37 °C for up to 2 months. Our findings shed light on how the D614G mutation enhances the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 through a stabilizing mutation and suggest an approach for better design of spike protein-based conjugates for vaccine development.
History
DepositionMar 8, 2021Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 23, 2021Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jan 5, 2022Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / database_2
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Revision 1.2Oct 30, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond ...chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification
Revision 1.3Jun 25, 2025Group: Data collection / Category: em_admin / em_software / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name
Revision 1.1Jun 25, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Data processing / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: em_admin / em_software / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Spike glycoprotein
B: Spike glycoprotein
C: Spike glycoprotein
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)443,97951
Polymers426,5353
Non-polymers17,44448
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration, scanning transmission electron microscopy
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area40490 Å2
ΔGint98 kcal/mol
Surface area158450 Å2

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Components

#1: Protein Spike glycoprotein / S glycoprotein / E2 / Peplomer protein


Mass: 142178.297 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Gene: S, 2 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P0DTC2
#2: Polysaccharide beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta- ...beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 586.542 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/2,3,2/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5]/1-1-2/a4-b1_b4-c1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#3: Polysaccharide...
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 30
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#4: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 16 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationY
Sequence detailsThe residues 682-685 (GSAS) and residues 986-987 (PP) are designed for protein stabilization.

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein / Type: ORGANELLE OR CELLULAR COMPONENT / Details: D614G variant, one RBD-up conformation 1 / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.54 MDa / Experimental value: YES
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.6
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
150 mMTris1
2150 mMNaCl1
30.02 %sodium azide1
SpecimenConc.: 1 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K
Details: blot for 2.5 seconds before plunging; blot force: 0; waiting time: 30s

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN
Image recordingElectron dose: 1 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.19.1_4122: / Classification: refinement
EM software
IDNameCategory
2EPUimage acquisition
4cryoSPARCCTF correction
8PHENIXmodel refinement
10cryoSPARCinitial Euler assignment
11cryoSPARCfinal Euler assignment
13cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 104186 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00325502
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.57234710
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d6.7853763
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0494188
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0044381

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