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-Structure paper
| タイトル | Pi-pi stacking interactions with viral DNA contribute to the potency of naphthyridine-based HIV-1 integrase inhibitors. |
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| ジャーナル・号・ページ | NAR Mol Med, Vol. 2, Issue 4, Page ugaf039, Year 2025 |
| 掲載日 | 2025年11月19日 |
著者 | Xue Zhi Zhao / Min Li / Steven J Smith / Arvin Karbasi / Indrani Choudhuri / Tao Jing / Dmitry Lyumkis / Robert Craigie / Terrence R Burke / ![]() |
| PubMed 要旨 | Drug resistance remains a significant obstacle to identifying effective treatments for HIV-1 infection. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are frontline treatments used in combination ...Drug resistance remains a significant obstacle to identifying effective treatments for HIV-1 infection. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are frontline treatments used in combination antiretroviral therapy, but their efficacy can be compromised by emergence of resistance-associated mutations. The development of compounds that will retain efficacy against drug-resistant variants is of significant interest. Herein, we report the synthesis of naphthyridine-based INSTIs with a combination of 4-amino and 5-hydroxymethyl groups. Comparison of the resistance mutant profiles of the new compounds with FDA-approved second-generation INSTIs showed that the lead compounds are comparable to or surpass the efficacy of clinically used drugs against some of the most prevalent drug-resistant mutations that emerge in patient-derived viral isolates. High-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of HIV-1 intasomes with two of the best naphthyridine-based INSTIs bound highlight how these inhibitors make enhanced interactions with viral DNA, particularly through optimized DNA stacking. Molecular dynamics simulations together with quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical calculations indicate that the interplay between intramolecular bonding, stacking geometry, resonance effects, and charge distribution governs drug binding within the active site of the intasome. The data mechanistically explain how key interactions contribute to improved antiviral potency against drug-resistant mutants and highlight a new strategy to combat HIV-1 resistance. |
リンク | NAR Mol Med / PubMed:41426354 / PubMed Central |
| 手法 | EM (単粒子) |
| 解像度 | 2.28 - 2.33 Å |
| 構造データ | EMDB-72221, PDB-9q50: EMDB-72222, PDB-9q57: |
| 化合物 | ![]() ChemComp-MG: ![]() ChemComp-ZN: ![]() PDB-1cof: ![]() ChemComp-HOH: ![]() ChemComp-R7K: |
| 由来 |
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キーワード | VIRAL PROTEIN/INHIBITOR/DNA / viral protein / protein complex / integrase inhibitor / VIRAL PROTEIN-INHIBITOR-DNA complex |
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HIV type 1 (ヒト免疫不全ウイルス)
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