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Structure paper

TitleA planar dimer of bovine ATP synthase.
Journal, issue, pagesCell Death Differ, Year 2026
Publish dateJul 3, 2026
AuthorsChimari Jiko / Atsuki Nakano / Yosuke Teshirogi / Eiki Yamashita / Genji Kurisu / Daron Standley / Tohru Terada / Kaoru Mitsuoka / Ken Yokoyama / Christoph Gerle /
PubMed AbstractMammalian mitochondrial ATP synthase typically organizes into rows of V-shaped dimers that impose significant membrane curvature essential for mitochondrial cristae formation. Using gentle, column- ...Mammalian mitochondrial ATP synthase typically organizes into rows of V-shaped dimers that impose significant membrane curvature essential for mitochondrial cristae formation. Using gentle, column-free purification combined with single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, we have identified a previously unrecognized planar dimeric form of bovine ATP synthase exhibiting minimal membrane bending. This planar dimer is characterized structurally by anti-parallel arrangement of two ATP synthase complexes linked by a straight conformation of inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), a sharp contrast to the kinked IF1 observed in tetrameric assemblies. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that transitioning between straight and kinked IF1 conformations occurs without significant energetic barriers. The planar dimer also displays distinct peripheral stalk positioning relative to its adjacent α subunit. These structural divergences suggest a specialized function and a distinct localization for planar ATP synthase dimers, providing structural support for a division of labor within mitochondrial ATP synthase populations.
External linksCell Death Differ / PubMed:42399642
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.2 - 7.9 Å
Structure data

EMDB-65237: IF1 bound bovine F-ATP synthase planar dimer
PDB-9vpb: Cryo-EM structure of the IF1 bound bovine F-ATP synthase planar dimer
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 5.0 Å

EMDB-65238: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase tetramer, C2 symmetry imposed
PDB-9vpc: Cryo-EM structure of the IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase tetramer
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 7.2 Å

EMDB-65239: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 1, F1 focused map
PDB-9vpd: Cryo-EM structure of the IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 1, F1 focused map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.3 Å

EMDB-65240: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase tetramer, no symmetry imposed
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 7.9 Å

EMDB-65241: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase tetramer: Fo focused map of the state 1 protomer of dimer B
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.0 Å

EMDB-65242: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer, rotary state 2
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.6 Å

EMDB-65243: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer, rotary state 2, F1 focused map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.6 Å

EMDB-65244: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 2, Fo focused map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

EMDB-65245: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 3
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.4 Å

EMDB-65246: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 3, F1 focused map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.2 Å

EMDB-65247: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 3, Fo focused map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.3 Å

EMDB-65248: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.4 Å

EMDB-65249: IF1 bound bovine ATP synthase monomer: rotary state 1, Fo focused map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-ATP:
ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / ATP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-ADP:
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • bos taurus (domestic cattle)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / ATP synthase/hydrolase / oligomer / membrane bending / mammalian mitochondria / motor protein

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