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TitleMechanistic insights into fatty acid odor detection mediated by class II olfactory receptors.
Journal, issue, pagesCell, Year 2026
Publish dateJan 21, 2026
AuthorsXiang Han / Ming-Hui Zhang / Nai-Kang Rong / Kong-Kai Zhu / Yuan Pei / Xiao-Yan Ge / Qi Liu / Huan Lu / Jing Liu / Li-Jun Zhang / Hong-Qiang Bao / Jia-Hao Pi / Lei Fan / Yu Fu / Xu-Hang Shao / Wen-Qi Yan / Xi-He Gao / Ming-Yue Zhang / Lu-Lu Guo / Yan Lu / Shang-Lei Ning / Hua Zhang / Yun-Fei Xu / Xiao-Ya Feng / Jie Cheng / Ming Xia / Qian Li / Xiao Yu / Fan Yang / Jin-Peng Sun /
PubMed AbstractSmell is one of the fundamental senses mediated by thousands of odorant receptors (ORs). How hydrophobic and volatile odor molecules are recognized by class II ORs remains elusive. Here, we present ...Smell is one of the fundamental senses mediated by thousands of odorant receptors (ORs). How hydrophobic and volatile odor molecules are recognized by class II ORs remains elusive. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of class II OR Olfr110 complexed with the unsaturated fatty acid metabolite (UFAM) PL45, Gs, and cons-OR5. The structural study revealed an unusually large hydrophobic pocket accommodating PL45 and the endogenous agonist 12(S)-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12(S)-HEPE). This pocket is decorated with polar residues and aromatic residue arrays, constituting polar networks and π-π interactions with the natural agonist PL45, respectively. Conserved motifs in the type II OR5 subfamily responsible for ligand recognition are characterized. The inward movement of extracellular loop 3 (ECL3) and an unconventional activation mechanism underlie Olfr110 activation. At the G protein interface, Olfr110 displays common and unique interactions. Overall, we revealed the structural basis of odor recognition and the activation mechanism of class II ORs, which may facilitate drug development targeting these receptors.
External linksCell / PubMed:41570821
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.6 - 3.7 Å
Structure data

63174

9lkb

EMDB-63174, PDB-9lkb:
Cryo-EM structure of the receptor of PL45-Olfr110-Gs complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.7 Å

63175

9lkd

EMDB-63175, PDB-9lkd:
Cryo-EM structure of the receptor of PL45-Olfr110-Gs complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

66145

9wpm

EMDB-66145, PDB-9wpm:
Cryo-EM structure of the apo-ConsOR5-Gs complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.6 Å

Chemicals

PDB-1ekk:
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HYDROXYETHYLTHIAZOLE KINASE IN THE R3 FORM WITH HYDROXYETHYLTHIAZOLE

Source
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
  • synthetic construct (others)
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / Olfr110 / receptor / MEMBRANE PROTEIN/IMMUNE SYSTEM / OR5 family / MEMBRANE PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex

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