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TitleMechanisms of distinctive mismatch tolerance between Rad51 and Dmc1 in homologous recombination.
Journal, issue, pagesNucleic Acids Res, Vol. 49, Issue 22, Page 13135-13149, Year 2021
Publish dateDec 16, 2021
AuthorsJingfei Xu / Lingyun Zhao / Sijia Peng / Huiying Chu / Rui Liang / Meng Tian / Philip P Connell / Guohui Li / Chunlai Chen / Hong-Wei Wang /
PubMed AbstractHomologous recombination (HR) is a primary DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair mechanism. The recombinases Rad51 and Dmc1 are highly conserved in the RecA family; Rad51 is mainly responsible for ...Homologous recombination (HR) is a primary DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair mechanism. The recombinases Rad51 and Dmc1 are highly conserved in the RecA family; Rad51 is mainly responsible for DNA repair in somatic cells during mitosis while Dmc1 only works during meiosis in germ cells. This spatiotemporal difference is probably due to their distinctive mismatch tolerance during HR: Rad51 does not permit HR in the presence of mismatches, whereas Dmc1 can tolerate certain mismatches. Here, the cryo-EM structures of Rad51-DNA and Dmc1-DNA complexes revealed that the major conformational differences between these two proteins are located in their Loop2 regions, which contain invading single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding residues and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) complementary strand binding residues, stabilizing ssDNA and dsDNA in presynaptic and postsynaptic complexes, respectively. By combining molecular dynamic simulation and single-molecule FRET assays, we identified that V273 and D274 in the Loop2 region of human RAD51 (hRAD51), corresponding to P274 and G275 of human DMC1 (hDMC1), are the key residues regulating mismatch tolerance during strand exchange in HR. This HR accuracy control mechanism provides mechanistic insights into the specific roles of Rad51 and Dmc1 in DNA double-strand break repair and may shed light on the regulatory mechanism of genetic recombination in mitosis and meiosis.
External linksNucleic Acids Res / PubMed:34871438 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (helical sym.)
Resolution2.97 - 3.98 Å
Structure data

31153

7ej6

EMDB-31153, PDB-7ej6:
Yeast Dmc1 presynaptic complex
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.21 Å

31154

7ej7

EMDB-31154, PDB-7ej7:
Yeast Dmc1 post-synaptic complex
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.41 Å

EMDB-31155:
hRAD51 mutation 273-DG-274 postsynaptic complex with dsDNA after strand exchange process.
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

31158

7ejc

EMDB-31158, PDB-7ejc:
human RAD51 presynaptic complex
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 2.97 Å

31160

7eje

EMDB-31160, PDB-7eje:
human RAD51 post-synaptic complex
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.98 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-ATP:
ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / ATP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

ChemComp-J46:
4-bromanyl-N-(4-bromophenyl)-3-[(phenylmethyl)sulfamoyl]benzamide

ChemComp-ANP:
PHOSPHOAMINOPHOSPHONIC ACID-ADENYLATE ESTER / AMP-PNP, energy-carrying molecule analogue*YM

Source
  • saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast)
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsDNA BINDING PROTEIN/DNA / Yeast meiotic recombination protein DMC1 / DNA BINDING PROTEIN / DNA BINDING PROTEIN-DNA complex / Meiotic recombination protein DMC1 / Recombination protein RAD51

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