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| Title | Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S Protein: Biophysical, Biochemical, Structural, and Antigenic Analysis. |
|---|---|
| Journal, issue, pages | bioRxiv, Year 2020 |
| Publish date | Jun 17, 2020 |
 Authors | Natalia G Herrera / Nicholas C Morano / Alev Celikgil / George I Georgiev / Ryan J Malonis / James H Lee / Karen Tong / Olivia Vergnolle / Aldo B Massimi / Laura Y Yen / Alex J Noble / Mykhailo Kopylov / Jeffrey B Bonanno / Sarah C Garrett-Thomson / David B Hayes / Robert H Bortz / Ariel S Wirchnianski / Catalina Florez / Ethan Laudermilch / Denise Haslwanter / J Maximilian Fels / M Eugenia Dieterle / Rohit K Jangra / Jason Barnhill / Amanda Mengotto / Duncan Kimmel / Johanna P Daily / Liise-Anne Pirofski / Kartik Chandran / Michael Brenowitz / Scott J Garforth / Edward T Eng / Jonathan R Lai / Steven C Almo /  |
| PubMed Abstract | Coronavirus disease 2019 ( ) is a global health crisis caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( ), and there is a critical need to produce large quantities of high- ...Coronavirus disease 2019 ( ) is a global health crisis caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( ), and there is a critical need to produce large quantities of high-quality SARS-CoV-2 Spike ( ) protein for use in both clinical and basic science settings. To address this need, we have evaluated the expression and purification of two previously reported S protein constructs in Expi293F and ExpiCHO-S cells, two different cell lines selected for increased expression of secreted glycoproteins. We show that ExpiCHO-S cells produce enhanced yields of both SARS-CoV-2 S proteins. Biochemical, biophysical, and structural ( ) characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S proteins produced in both cell lines demonstrate that the reported purification strategy yields high quality S protein (non-aggregated, uniform material with appropriate biochemical and biophysical properties). Importantly, we show that multiple preparations of these two recombinant S proteins from either cell line exhibit identical behavior in two different serology assays. We also evaluate the specificity of S protein-mediated host cell binding by examining interactions with proposed binding partners in the human secretome. In addition, the antigenicity of these proteins is demonstrated by standard ELISAs, and in a flexible protein microarray format. Collectively, we establish an array of metrics for ensuring the production of high-quality S protein to support clinical, biological, biochemical, structural and mechanistic studies to combat the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. |
 External links | bioRxiv / PubMed:32587972 / PubMed Central |
| Methods | EM (single particle) |
| Resolution | 3.22 Å |
| Structure data | EMDB-22078, PDB-6x6p: |
| Chemicals |  ChemComp-NAG: |
| Source |
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 Keywords | VIRAL PROTEIN / coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / SARS-CoV / spike glycoprotein / fusion protein / trimer |
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
