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- PDB-9ysg: Cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron neutralizing antibody AB2... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9ysg
TitleCryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron neutralizing antibody AB2-122 with BA.5 RBD and SP1-77 Fab complex
Components
  • AB2-122 Fab heavy chain
  • AB2-122 Fab light chain
  • SP1-77 Fab heavy chain
  • SP1-77 Fab light chain
  • Spike glycoprotein
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN/IMMUNE SYSTEM / antibody / fab / broadly neutralizing / vdj recombination / humanized mouse model / cdr3 diversity / SARS-COV-2 / ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN / VIRAL PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular region / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell ...symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular region / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / membrane fusion / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / Attachment and Entry / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / receptor ligand activity / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / symbiont entry into host cell / virion attachment to host cell / host cell plasma membrane / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / virion membrane / membrane / identical protein binding / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Mus musculus (house mouse)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3 Å
AuthorsJonaid, G. / Batra, H. / Kibria, G. / Chen, B. / Alt, F.W.
Funding support United States, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) United States
Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness (MassCPR) United States
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2026
Title: Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron broadly neutralizing humanized antibodies in different single human V1-2-rearranging mouse models.
Authors: Himanshu Batra / Sai Luo / Kevin O Saunders / Jaclyn S Higgins / Fanchong Jian / Jun Zhang / Md Golam Kibria / G M Jonaid / Qingchen J Zhou / Amanda Eaton / Kenneth Cronin / Michael L ...Authors: Himanshu Batra / Sai Luo / Kevin O Saunders / Jaclyn S Higgins / Fanchong Jian / Jun Zhang / Md Golam Kibria / G M Jonaid / Qingchen J Zhou / Amanda Eaton / Kenneth Cronin / Michael L Mallory / Melissa Mattocks / Robert J Edwards / Robert Parks / Esther M Lee / Adam Yongxin Ye / Aimee Chapdelaine Williams / Geeyoun Jung / Katayoun Mansouri / S Munir Alam / David C Montefiori / Ming Tian / Ralph S Baric / Yunlong Cao / Barton F Haynes / Bing Chen / Frederick W Alt /
Abstract: During V(D)J recombination, antibody diversity is enhanced by nontemplated junctional modifications that generate immensely diverse heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) complementarity-determining 3 ...During V(D)J recombination, antibody diversity is enhanced by nontemplated junctional modifications that generate immensely diverse heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) complementarity-determining 3 antigen-contact regions (CDR3s). We previously developed a mouse model that generates diverse antibody repertoires by rearranging a single human V1-2 and Vκ1-33, associated with highly diverse CDR3s generated by V(D)J recombination with mouse Ds and/or Js. Immunization of this model with SARS-CoV-2 D614G spike elicited an antibody that potently neutralized SARS-CoV-2 variants through Omicron BA.2.754. Here, we report a related mouse model in which a single V1-2 rearranges to human D3-3 and J6, generating diverse HC-CDR3s much longer on average than those of our prior model. Omicron BA.4/.5 spike-ferritin nanoparticle-immunization of the new model elicited four highly related humanized antibodies that potently neutralize downstream Omicron subvariants. All four antibodies had 12 AA HC-CDR3s with two aromatic amino acids that engage an epitope comprising a hydrophobic patch opened-up by early Omicron lineage mutations and conserved in subsequent variants. Immunization of our prior, shorter CDR3-based model, elicited slightly less potent neutralizing antibodies that bound the same Omicron epitope, and were similar in all other aspects to those from the long, fully human CDR3 model. One tested antibody from each set reduced lung viral titers in a mouse-adapted BQ1.1 challenge. The antibodies we describe are related in their epitope recognition to recently described antibodies from Omicron-infected humans. These studies validate the utility of single human V- and Vκ-rearranging mice for discovering humanized antibodies that neutralize emerging pathogens.
History
DepositionOct 18, 2025Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: Additional map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Additional map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: Mask / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Mask / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jul 29, 2026Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Spike glycoprotein
D: SP1-77 Fab heavy chain
E: SP1-77 Fab light chain
F: AB2-122 Fab heavy chain
G: AB2-122 Fab light chain
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)222,6517
Polymers221,8605
Non-polymers7922
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Protein , 1 types, 1 molecules A

#1: Protein Spike glycoprotein / S glycoprotein / E2 / Peplomer protein


Mass: 75811.500 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Gene: S, 2 / Variant: Omicron / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P0DTC2

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Antibody , 4 types, 4 molecules DEFG

#2: Antibody SP1-77 Fab heavy chain


Mass: 49665.703 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse) / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
#3: Antibody SP1-77 Fab light chain


Mass: 23294.617 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse) / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
#4: Antibody AB2-122 Fab heavy chain


Mass: 49572.801 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse) / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
#5: Antibody AB2-122 Fab light chain


Mass: 23514.951 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse) / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)

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Sugars , 2 types, 2 molecules

#6: Polysaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-[alpha-L-fucopyranose-(1-6)]2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta- ...2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-[alpha-L-fucopyranose-(1-6)]2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 570.542 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4[LFucpa1-6]DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/2,3,2/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1221m-1a_1-5]/1-1-2/a4-b1_a6-c1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}[(6+1)][a-L-Fucp]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#7: Sugar ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0

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Details

Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: AB2-122 with BA.5 RBD and SP1-77 Fab complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#5 / Source: MULTIPLE SOURCES
Source (natural)Organism: Mus musculus (house mouse)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 500 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 52.28 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARC4.7.0particle selection
7UCSF ChimeraX1.6.1model fitting
8Coot0.9.8.92model fitting
10PHENIX1.21.1_5286:model refinement
14cryoSPARC4.73D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 79684 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0029076
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.50512356
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d5.5411318
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0431381
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0041590

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