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- PDB-9vua: channel A complex with 1 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9vua
Titlechannel A complex with 1
Components
  • Apamin
  • Calmodulin-1
  • Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / channel A complex with 1
Function / homology
Function and homology information


inward rectifier potassium channel inhibitor activity / negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity / negative regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity / venom-mediated perturbation of biological process / small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity / Acetylcholine inhibits contraction of outer hair cells / negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport / membrane repolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential / Ca2+ activated K+ channels / calcium-activated potassium channel activity ...inward rectifier potassium channel inhibitor activity / negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity / negative regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity / venom-mediated perturbation of biological process / small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity / Acetylcholine inhibits contraction of outer hair cells / negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport / membrane repolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential / Ca2+ activated K+ channels / calcium-activated potassium channel activity / regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport / inward rectifier potassium channel activity / potassium channel inhibitor activity / CaM pathway / Cam-PDE 1 activation / Sodium/Calcium exchangers / Calmodulin induced events / Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels / Activation of Ca-permeable Kainate Receptor / CREB1 phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII/CaMKK/CaMKIV cascasde / Loss of phosphorylation of MECP2 at T308 / CREB1 phosphorylation through the activation of Adenylate Cyclase / PKA activation / CaMK IV-mediated phosphorylation of CREB / Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) / negative regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity / Activation of RAC1 downstream of NMDARs / organelle localization by membrane tethering / CLEC7A (Dectin-1) induces NFAT activation / : / autophagosome membrane docking / negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity / negative regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane / regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential / presynaptic endocytosis / Synthesis of IP3 and IP4 in the cytosol / Phase 0 - rapid depolarisation / Negative regulation of NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal transmission / Unblocking of NMDA receptors, glutamate binding and activation / calcineurin-mediated signaling / RHO GTPases activate PAKs / regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction / Ion transport by P-type ATPases / alpha-actinin binding / Uptake and function of anthrax toxins / protein phosphatase activator activity / regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity / Long-term potentiation / Calcineurin activates NFAT / Regulation of MECP2 expression and activity / DARPP-32 events / Smooth Muscle Contraction / catalytic complex / detection of calcium ion / regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / cellular response to interferon-beta / RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs / calcium channel inhibitor activity / presynaptic cytosol / Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs / regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum / eNOS activation / Ion homeostasis / regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation / Protein methylation / titin binding / regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion / voltage-gated potassium channel complex / FCERI mediated Ca+2 mobilization / calcium channel complex / substantia nigra development / potassium ion transmembrane transport / regulation of heart rate / FCGR3A-mediated IL10 synthesis / potassium ion transport / calyx of Held / Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second messengers / Ras activation upon Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptor / adenylate cyclase activator activity / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability / regulation of cytokinesis / VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation / positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT / spindle microtubule / sarcomere / Translocation of SLC2A4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane / calcium channel regulator activity / Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis / cellular response to type II interferon / response to calcium ion / RAF activation / G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle / long-term synaptic potentiation / Stimuli-sensing channels / Z disc / spindle pole / calcium-dependent protein binding / Signaling by RAF1 mutants
Similarity search - Function
Honey bee toxin / Honey bee toxin / Calmodulin-binding domain / Potassium channel, calcium-activated, SK / SK, calmodulin-binding domain superfamily / Calmodulin binding domain / Calcium-activated SK potassium channel / Calmodulin binding domain / Potassium channel domain / Ion channel ...Honey bee toxin / Honey bee toxin / Calmodulin-binding domain / Potassium channel, calcium-activated, SK / SK, calmodulin-binding domain superfamily / Calmodulin binding domain / Calcium-activated SK potassium channel / Calmodulin binding domain / Potassium channel domain / Ion channel / : / EF-hand domain pair / EF-hand, calcium binding motif / EF-Hand 1, calcium-binding site / EF-hand calcium-binding domain. / EF-hand calcium-binding domain profile. / EF-hand domain / EF-hand domain pair
Similarity search - Domain/homology
: / Chem-POV / Apamin / Calmodulin-1 / Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Apis mellifera (honey bee)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.23 Å
AuthorsJiang, D.H. / Ma, B.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)31971134 China
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2026
Title: Structural mechanisms for inhibition and activation of human small-conductance Ca-activated potassium channel SK2.
Authors: Bao Ma / Di Wu / En Cao / Cheng Chi / Zhihao Wang / Zhanyi Xia / Long-Hua Sun / Bingxing Pan / Daohua Jiang / Wenhua Zhang /
Abstract: The small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK1-3 or K2) channels regulate the intrinsic excitability and firing frequency of excitable cells. SK channels are modulated by a variety of ...The small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK1-3 or K2) channels regulate the intrinsic excitability and firing frequency of excitable cells. SK channels are modulated by a variety of distinct modulators; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we present four cryoelectron microscopy structures of the human SK2-calmodulin complex bound with apamin, UCL1684, AP30663, and CAD-1883, elucidating their distinct binding sites and regulatory mechanisms. Apamin and UCL1684 compete for a similar binding site above the selectivity filter, which is formed by the distinct S3-S4 linker of SK2. CAD-1883 glues the N-lobe of calmodulin and the S4-S5 linker of SK2, reinforcing the open state. In contrast, AP30663 resides in the central cavity of SK2, blocking ion conductance. This study reveals multiple modulation sites in SK2 and the molecular mechanisms for the inhibition and potentiation of SK channels, which could advance rational drug design targeting SK2 channel for the treatment of cardiovascular and neurological disorders.
History
DepositionJul 12, 2025Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0Mar 11, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 11, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 11, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 11, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 11, 2026Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 11, 2026Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
E: Calmodulin-1
F: Calmodulin-1
G: Calmodulin-1
A: Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2
B: Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2
C: Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2
D: Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2
H: Apamin
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)311,15716
Polymers307,9608
Non-polymers3,1978
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Calmodulin-1


Mass: 16852.545 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: CALM1, CALM, CAM, CAM1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P0DP23
#2: Protein
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2 / SK2 / SKCa 2 / SKCa2 / KCa2.2


Mass: 63841.598 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: KCNN2 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9H2S1
#3: Protein/peptide Apamin / APM / Apamine


Mass: 2036.385 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Apis mellifera (honey bee) / Production host: Apis mellifera (honey bee) / References: UniProt: P01500
#4: Chemical
ChemComp-K / POTASSIUM ION


Mass: 39.098 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: K / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#5: Chemical
ChemComp-POV / (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate / POPC


Mass: 760.076 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C42H82NO8P / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: phospholipid*YM
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: channel A in complex 1 / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#3 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
21Homo sapiens (human)9606
31Apis mellifera (honey bee)7460
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
21Homo sapiens (human)9606
31Apis mellifera (honey bee)7460
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameCategory
1cryoSPARCparticle selection
2PHENIXmodel refinement
13cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.23 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 67421 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementHighest resolution: 3.23 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00213191
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.54817834
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d4.791804
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0372098
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0032180

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