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- PDB-9dkw: Human mitochondrial ClpP in complex with Bortezomib -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9dkw
TitleHuman mitochondrial ClpP in complex with Bortezomib
ComponentsATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
KeywordsHYDROLASE / Protease / Proteolysis
Function / homology
Function and homology information


membrane protein proteolysis / mitochondrial protein catabolic process / endopeptidase Clp / endopeptidase Clp complex / ATP-dependent peptidase activity / protein quality control for misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins / Mitochondrial protein degradation / proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process / peptidase activity / ATPase binding ...membrane protein proteolysis / mitochondrial protein catabolic process / endopeptidase Clp / endopeptidase Clp complex / ATP-dependent peptidase activity / protein quality control for misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins / Mitochondrial protein degradation / proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process / peptidase activity / ATPase binding / endopeptidase activity / mitochondrial matrix / serine-type endopeptidase activity / mitochondrion / proteolysis / identical protein binding
Similarity search - Function
ClpP, Ser active site / Endopeptidase Clp serine active site. / ClpP, histidine active site / Endopeptidase Clp histidine active site. / ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit / Clp protease proteolytic subunit /Translocation-enhancing protein TepA / Clp protease / ClpP/crotonase-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Chem-BO2 / ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.49 Å
AuthorsUday, A.B. / Zeytuni, N. / Goncalves, M. / Vahidi, S.
Funding support Canada, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)PJT-191940 Canada
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2025
Title: Mechanism of allosteric activation in human mitochondrial ClpP protease.
Authors: Monica M Goncalves / Adwaith B Uday / Taylor J B Forrester / S Quinn W Currie / Angelina S Kim / Yue Feng / Yulia Jitkova / Algirdas Velyvis / Robert W Harkness / Matthew S Kimber / Aaron D ...Authors: Monica M Goncalves / Adwaith B Uday / Taylor J B Forrester / S Quinn W Currie / Angelina S Kim / Yue Feng / Yulia Jitkova / Algirdas Velyvis / Robert W Harkness / Matthew S Kimber / Aaron D Schimmer / Natalie Zeytuni / Siavash Vahidi /
Abstract: Human ClpP protease contributes to mitochondrial protein quality control by degrading misfolded proteins. ClpP is overexpressed in cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), where its inhibition ...Human ClpP protease contributes to mitochondrial protein quality control by degrading misfolded proteins. ClpP is overexpressed in cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), where its inhibition leads to the accumulation of damaged respiratory chain subunits and cell death. Conversely, hyperactivating ClpP with small-molecule activators, such as the recently discovered ONC201, disrupts mitochondrial protein degradation and impairs respiration in cancer cells. Despite its critical role in human health, the mechanism underlying the structural and functional properties of human ClpP remains elusive. Notably, human ClpP is paradoxically activated by active-site inhibitors. All available structures of human ClpP published to date are in the inactive compact or compressed states, surprisingly even when ClpP is bound to an activator molecule such as ONC201. Here, we present structures of human mitochondrial ClpP in the active extended state, including a pair of structures where ClpP is bound to an active-site inhibitor. We demonstrate that amino acid substitutions in the handle region (A192E and E196R) recreate a conserved salt bridge found in bacterial ClpP, stabilizing the extended active state and significantly enhancing ClpP activity. We elucidate the ClpP activation mechanism, highlighting a hormetic effect where substoichiometric inhibitor binding triggers an allosteric transition that drives ClpP into its active extended state. Our findings link the conformational dynamics of ClpP to its catalytic function and provide high-resolution structures for the rational design of potent and specific ClpP inhibitors, with implications for targeting AML and other disorders with ClpP involvement.
History
DepositionSep 10, 2024Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Apr 23, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Apr 30, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
B: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
C: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
D: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
E: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
F: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
G: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
H: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
I: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
J: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
K: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
L: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
M: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
N: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)343,89828
Polymers338,51814
Non-polymers5,37914
Water3,027168
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein
ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial / Endopeptidase Clp


Mass: 24179.875 Da / Num. of mol.: 14
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: CLPP / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / References: UniProt: Q16740, endopeptidase Clp
#2: Chemical
ChemComp-BO2 / N-[(1R)-1-(DIHYDROXYBORYL)-3-METHYLBUTYL]-N-(PYRAZIN-2-YLCARBONYL)-L-PHENYLALANINAMIDE / BORTEZOMIB


Mass: 384.237 Da / Num. of mol.: 14 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C19H25BN4O4 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: medication, anticancer*YM
#3: Water ChemComp-HOH / water


Mass: 18.015 Da / Num. of mol.: 168 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: H2O
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Human mitochondrial ClpP in complex with Bortezomib / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.8
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
150 mMTrisC4H11NO31
2100 mMPottassium chlorideKCl1
310 mMMagnesium chlorideMgCl21
41 mMDithiothreitolC4H10O2S21
SpecimenConc.: 18 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
2PHENIXdev_5316model refinement
10cryoSPARC4initial Euler assignment
11cryoSPARC4final Euler assignment
13cryoSPARC43D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: D7 (2x7 fold dihedral)
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.49 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 408161 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementCross valid method: NONE
Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 26.49 Å2
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.003120524
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.703227762
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.04563178
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.00593514
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d6.70413052

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