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- PDB-8u3z: Model of TTLL6 bound to microtubule from composite map -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8u3z
TitleModel of TTLL6 bound to microtubule from composite map
Components
  • Tubulin alpha-1B chain
  • Tubulin beta chain
  • Tubulin polyglutamylase TTLL6
KeywordsLIGASE / tubulin / post-translational modifications / microtubules / Tubulin Tyrosine Ligase Like family enzymes
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of cilium movement / protein-glutamic acid ligase activity / tubulin-glutamic acid ligase activity / protein-glutamic acid ligase activity, initiating / protein-glutamic acid ligase activity, elongating / Carboxyterminal post-translational modifications of tubulin / protein polyglutamylation / 9+0 non-motile cilium / microtubule severing / regulation of cilium beat frequency involved in ciliary motility ...positive regulation of cilium movement / protein-glutamic acid ligase activity / tubulin-glutamic acid ligase activity / protein-glutamic acid ligase activity, initiating / protein-glutamic acid ligase activity, elongating / Carboxyterminal post-translational modifications of tubulin / protein polyglutamylation / 9+0 non-motile cilium / microtubule severing / regulation of cilium beat frequency involved in ciliary motility / Ligases; Forming carbon-nitrogen bonds; Acid-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases) / odontoblast differentiation / Post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway / Cilium Assembly / cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport / Microtubule-dependent trafficking of connexons from Golgi to the plasma membrane / Carboxyterminal post-translational modifications of tubulin / Intraflagellar transport / Sealing of the nuclear envelope (NE) by ESCRT-III / Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC / Gap junction assembly / microtubule bundle formation / Kinesins / GTPase activating protein binding / COPI-independent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic / Assembly and cell surface presentation of NMDA receptors / COPI-dependent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic / natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity / regulation of synapse organization / nuclear envelope lumen / Recycling pathway of L1 / MHC class I protein binding / RHOH GTPase cycle / RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs / microtubule-based process / Hedgehog 'off' state / intercellular bridge / COPI-mediated anterograde transport / Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs / spindle assembly / cytoplasmic microtubule / Mitotic Prometaphase / EML4 and NUDC in mitotic spindle formation / Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes / Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome / Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes / MHC class II antigen presentation / cellular response to interleukin-4 / tubulin binding / Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes / Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane / HSP90 chaperone cycle for steroid hormone receptors (SHR) in the presence of ligand / Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion / AURKA Activation by TPX2 / Translocation of SLC2A4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane / RHO GTPases Activate Formins / PKR-mediated signaling / structural constituent of cytoskeleton / microtubule cytoskeleton organization / cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule / HCMV Early Events / Aggrephagy / The role of GTSE1 in G2/M progression after G2 checkpoint / mitotic spindle / Separation of Sister Chromatids / azurophil granule lumen / Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition / mitotic cell cycle / double-stranded RNA binding / microtubule cytoskeleton / cell body / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / Potential therapeutics for SARS / microtubule / cytoskeleton / cilium / ciliary basal body / membrane raft / protein domain specific binding / cell division / GTPase activity / ubiquitin protein ligase binding / Neutrophil degranulation / GTP binding / protein-containing complex binding / structural molecule activity / protein-containing complex / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / ATP binding / metal ion binding / nucleus / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Tubulin-tyrosine ligase/Tubulin polyglutamylase / Tubulin-tyrosine ligase family / TTL domain profile. / Alpha tubulin / Tubulin-beta mRNA autoregulation signal. / Beta tubulin, autoregulation binding site / Beta tubulin / Tubulin / Tubulin, C-terminal / Tubulin C-terminal domain ...Tubulin-tyrosine ligase/Tubulin polyglutamylase / Tubulin-tyrosine ligase family / TTL domain profile. / Alpha tubulin / Tubulin-beta mRNA autoregulation signal. / Beta tubulin, autoregulation binding site / Beta tubulin / Tubulin / Tubulin, C-terminal / Tubulin C-terminal domain / Tubulin, conserved site / Tubulin subunits alpha, beta, and gamma signature. / Tubulin/FtsZ family, C-terminal domain / Tubulin/FtsZ-like, C-terminal domain / Tubulin/FtsZ, C-terminal / Tubulin/FtsZ, 2-layer sandwich domain / Tubulin/FtsZ family, GTPase domain / Tubulin/FtsZ family, GTPase domain / Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase domain / Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / PHOSPHOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID GUANYLATE ESTER / GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / Tubulin polyglutamylase TTLL6 / Tubulin beta chain / Tubulin alpha-1B chain
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesMus musculus (house mouse)
Homo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.6 Å
AuthorsMahalingan, K.K. / Grotjahn, D. / Li, Y. / Lander, G.C. / Zehr, E.A. / Roll-Mecak, A.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)ZO1 NS003163 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Chem Biol / Year: 2024
Title: Structural basis for α-tubulin-specific and modification state-dependent glutamylation.
Authors: Kishore K Mahalingan / Danielle A Grotjahn / Yan Li / Gabriel C Lander / Elena A Zehr / Antonina Roll-Mecak /
Abstract: Microtubules have spatiotemporally complex posttranslational modification patterns. Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like (TTLL) enzymes introduce the most prevalent modifications on α-tubulin and β-tubulin. ...Microtubules have spatiotemporally complex posttranslational modification patterns. Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like (TTLL) enzymes introduce the most prevalent modifications on α-tubulin and β-tubulin. How TTLLs specialize for specific substrate recognition and ultimately modification-pattern generation is largely unknown. TTLL6, a glutamylase implicated in ciliopathies, preferentially modifies tubulin α-tails in microtubules. Cryo-electron microscopy, kinetic analysis and single-molecule biochemistry reveal an unprecedented quadrivalent recognition that ensures simultaneous readout of microtubule geometry and posttranslational modification status. By binding to a β-tubulin subunit, TTLL6 modifies the α-tail of the longitudinally adjacent tubulin dimer. Spanning two tubulin dimers along and across protofilaments (PFs) ensures fidelity of recognition of both the α-tail and the microtubule. Moreover, TTLL6 reads out and is stimulated by glutamylation of the β-tail of the laterally adjacent tubulin dimer, mediating crosstalk between α-tail and β-tail. This positive feedback loop can generate localized microtubule glutamylation patterns. Our work uncovers general principles that generate tubulin chemical and topographic complexity.
History
DepositionSep 8, 2023Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0May 29, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Nov 6, 2024Group: Database references / Structure summary / Category: citation / pdbx_entry_details
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification
Revision 1.2Nov 13, 2024Group: Database references / Category: citation_author / Item: _citation_author.identifier_ORCID

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Tubulin alpha-1B chain
B: Tubulin beta chain
E: Tubulin beta chain
F: Tubulin alpha-1B chain
N: Tubulin polyglutamylase TTLL6
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)297,16315
Polymers294,4455
Non-polymers2,71710
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Protein , 3 types, 5 molecules AFBEN

#1: Protein Tubulin alpha-1B chain / Alpha-tubulin ubiquitous / Tubulin K-alpha-1 / Tubulin alpha-ubiquitous chain


Mass: 50204.445 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: tsA201 / Organ: kidney / Tissue: kidney / References: UniProt: P68363
#2: Protein Tubulin beta chain / Tubulin beta-5 chain


Mass: 49717.629 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: tsA201 / Organ: kidney / Tissue: kidney / References: UniProt: P07437
#3: Protein Tubulin polyglutamylase TTLL6 / Protein polyglutamylase TTLL6 / Tubulin--tyrosine ligase-like protein 6


Mass: 94601.188 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse) / Gene: Ttll6 / Plasmid: P7XNH3 / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / Strain (production host): Arctic Express DE3
References: UniProt: A4Q9E8, Ligases; Forming carbon-nitrogen bonds; Acid-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases)

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Non-polymers , 4 types, 10 molecules

#4: Chemical ChemComp-GTP / GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 523.180 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H16N5O14P3 / Comment: GTP, energy-carrying molecule*YM
#5: Chemical
ChemComp-MG / MAGNESIUM ION


Mass: 24.305 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Mg
#6: Chemical ChemComp-G2P / PHOSPHOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID GUANYLATE ESTER


Mass: 521.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C11H18N5O13P3 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: GMP-CPP, energy-carrying molecule analogue*YM
#7: Chemical ChemComp-ATP / ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 507.181 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H16N5O13P3 / Comment: ATP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: FILAMENT / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

Component
IDNameTypeDetailsEntity IDParent-IDSource
1TTLL6 bound to unmodified human microtubulesCOMPLEXMicrotubules were decorated with TTLL6 on electron microscopy grids#1-#30MULTIPLE SOURCES
2Tubulin alpha-1BCOMPLEX#11RECOMBINANT
3Tubulin betaICOMPLEX#21NATURAL
4Tubulin Tyrosine Ligase Like 6COMPLEX#31NATURAL
Molecular weight
IDEntity assembly-IDValue (°)Experimental value
110.3 MDaYES
210.1 MDaYES
310.1 MDaYES
410.1 MDaYES
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-IDCellular locationOrgan
12Mus musculus (house mouse)10090cytoplasm
23Homo sapiens (human)9606cytoplasmkidney
34Homo sapiens (human)9606cytoplasmkidney
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / Strain: Arctic Express DE3 / Plasmid: P7XNH3
Buffer solutionpH: 7
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
180 mMPIPESC8H18N2O6S21
21 mMMagnesium chlorideMgCl21
31 mMEthylene glycol tetraacetic acidC14H24N2O101
41 mMDithiothreitolC4H10O2S21
51 mMGMPCPPC11H18N5O13P31
SpecimenConc.: 0.1 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES / Details: TTLL6 decorated microtubules heterogeneously
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 303 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TALOS ARCTICA
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 200 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 36000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 9.75 sec. / Electron dose: 42 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)
Image scansMovie frames/image: 39 / Used frames/image: 1-39

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
4GctfCTF correction
7Cootmodel fitting
9PHENIXmodel refinement
10RELION3initial Euler assignment
11RELION3final Euler assignment
13RELION33D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 59055
Details: Due to highly heterogeneous TTLL decoration microtubules were manually selected. 59044 overlapping segments with a box size of 568 pixels were extracted every 82 A
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 392289 / Algorithm: FOURIER SPACE / Num. of class averages: 1 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Space: REAL / Target criteria: cross-correlation
Atomic model building

3D fitting-ID: 1 / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model

IDPDB-IDAccession codeDetailsInitial refinement model-ID
15N5N

5n5n

5N5N1-4371
26VZU

6vzu

6VZU57-4612

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