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- PDB-8s0d: H. sapiens MCM bound to double stranded DNA and ORC1-6 -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8s0d
TitleH. sapiens MCM bound to double stranded DNA and ORC1-6
Components
  • (DNA (58-mer)) x 2
  • (DNA replication licensing factor ...) x 6
  • (Origin recognition complex subunit ...) x 5
  • Isoform 2 of Origin recognition complex subunit 3
KeywordsREPLICATION / AAA+ ATPase / DNA helicase
Function / homology
Function and homology information


polar body extrusion after meiotic divisions / CDC6 association with the ORC:origin complex / origin recognition complex / E2F-enabled inhibition of pre-replication complex formation / Switching of origins to a post-replicative state / Unwinding of DNA / nuclear origin of replication recognition complex / alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex / mitotic DNA replication / CMG complex ...polar body extrusion after meiotic divisions / CDC6 association with the ORC:origin complex / origin recognition complex / E2F-enabled inhibition of pre-replication complex formation / Switching of origins to a post-replicative state / Unwinding of DNA / nuclear origin of replication recognition complex / alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex / mitotic DNA replication / CMG complex / inner kinetochore / nuclear pre-replicative complex / regulation of phosphorylation / DNA replication preinitiation complex / MCM complex / mitotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling / double-strand break repair via break-induced replication / mitotic DNA replication initiation / neural precursor cell proliferation / regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication initiation / DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication / cochlea development / G1/S-Specific Transcription / regulation of DNA replication / : / DNA replication origin binding / Activation of the pre-replicative complex / protein polymerization / DNA replication initiation / glial cell proliferation / Activation of ATR in response to replication stress / heterochromatin / cellular response to interleukin-4 / forked DNA-dependent helicase activity / single-stranded 3'-5' DNA helicase activity / four-way junction helicase activity / double-stranded DNA helicase activity / cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus / Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication / Assembly of the pre-replicative complex / fibrillar center / Orc1 removal from chromatin / cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus / nucleosome assembly / single-stranded DNA binding / histone binding / chromatin extrusion motor activity / ATP-dependent H2AZ histone chaperone activity / ATP-dependent H3-H4 histone complex chaperone activity / DNA helicase / cohesin loader activity / DNA clamp loader activity / DNA replication / chromosome, telomeric region / cell population proliferation / nuclear body / nucleotide binding / centrosome / DNA damage response / chromatin binding / apoptotic process / chromatin / nucleolus / perinuclear region of cytoplasm / enzyme binding / negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II / ATP hydrolysis activity / DNA binding / nucleoplasm / ATP binding / identical protein binding / nucleus / membrane / metal ion binding / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
Origin recognition complex, subunit 6, metazoa/plant / : / ORC6 second cyclin-like domain / Origin recognition complex subunit 3, insertion domain / Origin recognition complex subunit 3 insertion domain / CDC6, C terminal / Origin recognition complex, subunit 6 / Origin recognition complex subunit 6 (ORC6) / Cdc6, C-terminal / CDC6, C terminal winged helix domain ...Origin recognition complex, subunit 6, metazoa/plant / : / ORC6 second cyclin-like domain / Origin recognition complex subunit 3, insertion domain / Origin recognition complex subunit 3 insertion domain / CDC6, C terminal / Origin recognition complex, subunit 6 / Origin recognition complex subunit 6 (ORC6) / Cdc6, C-terminal / CDC6, C terminal winged helix domain / Origin recognition complex subunit 4 / Origin recognition complex, subunit 3 / Origin recognition complex, subunit 5 / Origin recognition complex subunit 4, C-terminal / Origin recognition complex subunit 3, winged helix C-terminal / Origin recognition complex subunit 3, N-terminal / : / : / Origin recognition complex (ORC) subunit 3 N-terminus / Origin recognition complex (ORC) subunit 4 C-terminus / Origin recognition complex (ORC) subunit 5 C-terminus / Origin recognition complex winged helix C-terminal / ORC5, lid domain / Orc1-like, AAA ATPase domain / Origin recognition complex subunit 2 RecA-like domain / AAA ATPase domain / Origin recognition complex, subunit 2 / AAA lid domain / AAA lid domain / : / : / MCM5, C-terminal domain / DNA replication licensing factor Mcm5 / DNA replication licensing factor Mcm3 / Mini-chromosome maintenance complex protein 4 / DNA replication licensing factor Mcm6 / DNA replication licensing factor Mcm7 / Mcm6, C-terminal winged-helix domain / MCM6 C-terminal winged-helix domain / DNA replication licensing factor Mcm2 / Mini-chromosome maintenance protein 2 / Mini-chromosome maintenance, conserved site / MCM family signature. / Bromo adjacent homology domain / BAH domain / Bromo adjacent homology (BAH) domain / Bromo adjacent homology (BAH) domain superfamily / BAH domain profile. / MCM N-terminal domain / MCM N-terminal domain / MCM OB domain / MCM OB domain / Mini-chromosome maintenance protein / MCM, AAA-lid domain / MCM P-loop domain / MCM AAA-lid domain / MCM family domain profile. / minichromosome maintenance proteins / MCM domain / ATPase family associated with various cellular activities (AAA) / ATPase, AAA-type, core / Nucleic acid-binding, OB-fold / ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities / AAA+ ATPase domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / PHOSPHOTHIOPHOSPHORIC ACID-ADENYLATE ESTER / DNA / DNA (> 10) / Origin recognition complex subunit 5 / Origin recognition complex subunit 4 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM3 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 ...ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / PHOSPHOTHIOPHOSPHORIC ACID-ADENYLATE ESTER / DNA / DNA (> 10) / Origin recognition complex subunit 5 / Origin recognition complex subunit 4 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM3 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM2 / Origin recognition complex subunit 1 / Origin recognition complex subunit 2 / DNA replication licensing factor MCM6 / Origin recognition complex subunit 3 / Origin recognition complex subunit 6
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
synthetic construct (others)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.6 Å
AuthorsGreiwe, J.F. / Weissmann, F. / Diffley, J.F.X. / Costa, A.
Funding support United Kingdom, European Union, 4items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
The Francis Crick InstituteCC2002, CC2009 United Kingdom
European Research Council (ERC)820102European Union
Wellcome Trust219527/Z/19/Z United Kingdom
European Research Council (ERC)101020432-MeChroRepEuropean Union
Citation
Journal: Nature / Year: 2024
Title: MCM double hexamer loading visualized with human proteins.
Authors: Florian Weissmann / Julia F Greiwe / Thomas Pühringer / Evelyn L Eastwood / Emma C Couves / Thomas C R Miller / John F X Diffley / Alessandro Costa /
Abstract: Eukaryotic DNA replication begins with the loading of the MCM replicative DNA helicase as a head-to-head double hexamer at origins of DNA replication. Our current understanding of how the double ...Eukaryotic DNA replication begins with the loading of the MCM replicative DNA helicase as a head-to-head double hexamer at origins of DNA replication. Our current understanding of how the double hexamer is assembled by the origin recognition complex (ORC), CDC6 and CDT1 comes mostly from budding yeast. Here we characterize human double hexamer (hDH) loading using biochemical reconstitution and cryo-electron microscopy with purified proteins. We show that the human double hexamer engages DNA differently from the yeast double hexamer (yDH), and generates approximately five base pairs of underwound DNA at the interface between hexamers, as seen in hDH isolated from cells. We identify several differences from the yeast double hexamer in the order of factor recruitment and dependencies during hDH assembly. Unlike in yeast, the ORC6 subunit of the ORC is not essential for initial MCM recruitment or hDH loading, but contributes to an alternative hDH assembly pathway that requires an intrinsically disordered region in ORC1, which may work through a MCM-ORC intermediate. Our work presents a detailed view of how double hexamers are assembled in an organism that uses sequence-independent replication origins, provides further evidence for diversity in eukaryotic double hexamer assembly mechanisms, and represents a first step towards reconstitution of DNA replication initiation with purified human proteins.
#1: Journal: Biorxiv / Year: 2024
Title: MCM Double Hexamer Loading Visualised with Human Proteins
Authors: Weissmann, F. / Greiwe, J.F. / Puhringer, T. / Miller, T.C.R. / Diffley, J.F.X. / Costa, A.
#2: Journal: Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol / Year: 2019
Title: Macromolecular structure determination using X-rays, neutrons and electrons: recent developments in Phenix.
Authors: Dorothee Liebschner / Pavel V Afonine / Matthew L Baker / Gábor Bunkóczi / Vincent B Chen / Tristan I Croll / Bradley Hintze / Li Wei Hung / Swati Jain / Airlie J McCoy / Nigel W Moriarty ...Authors: Dorothee Liebschner / Pavel V Afonine / Matthew L Baker / Gábor Bunkóczi / Vincent B Chen / Tristan I Croll / Bradley Hintze / Li Wei Hung / Swati Jain / Airlie J McCoy / Nigel W Moriarty / Robert D Oeffner / Billy K Poon / Michael G Prisant / Randy J Read / Jane S Richardson / David C Richardson / Massimo D Sammito / Oleg V Sobolev / Duncan H Stockwell / Thomas C Terwilliger / Alexandre G Urzhumtsev / Lizbeth L Videau / Christopher J Williams / Paul D Adams /
Abstract: Diffraction (X-ray, neutron and electron) and electron cryo-microscopy are powerful methods to determine three-dimensional macromolecular structures, which are required to understand biological ...Diffraction (X-ray, neutron and electron) and electron cryo-microscopy are powerful methods to determine three-dimensional macromolecular structures, which are required to understand biological processes and to develop new therapeutics against diseases. The overall structure-solution workflow is similar for these techniques, but nuances exist because the properties of the reduced experimental data are different. Software tools for structure determination should therefore be tailored for each method. Phenix is a comprehensive software package for macromolecular structure determination that handles data from any of these techniques. Tasks performed with Phenix include data-quality assessment, map improvement, model building, the validation/rebuilding/refinement cycle and deposition. Each tool caters to the type of experimental data. The design of Phenix emphasizes the automation of procedures, where possible, to minimize repetitive and time-consuming manual tasks, while default parameters are chosen to encourage best practice. A graphical user interface provides access to many command-line features of Phenix and streamlines the transition between programs, project tracking and re-running of previous tasks.
History
DepositionFeb 13, 2024Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Oct 2, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Nov 27, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Structure summary
Category: citation / em_admin / pdbx_entry_details
Item: _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification
Revision 1.2Dec 11, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin / Item: _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.3Dec 25, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
F: Origin recognition complex subunit 6
2: DNA replication licensing factor MCM2
3: DNA replication licensing factor MCM3
4: DNA replication licensing factor MCM4
5: DNA replication licensing factor MCM5
6: DNA replication licensing factor MCM6
7: DNA replication licensing factor MCM7
X: DNA (58-mer)
Y: DNA (58-mer)
A: Origin recognition complex subunit 1
B: Origin recognition complex subunit 2
C: Isoform 2 of Origin recognition complex subunit 3
D: Origin recognition complex subunit 4
E: Origin recognition complex subunit 5
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)961,56335
Polymers957,14414
Non-polymers4,41921
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area83980 Å2
ΔGint-479 kcal/mol
Surface area273590 Å2
MethodPISA

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Components

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Origin recognition complex subunit ... , 5 types, 5 molecules FABDE

#1: Protein Origin recognition complex subunit 6


Mass: 28017.697 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ORC6, ORC6L / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: Q9Y5N6
#10: Protein Origin recognition complex subunit 1 / Replication control protein 1


Mass: 97499.867 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ORC1, ORC1L, PARC1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: Q13415
#11: Protein Origin recognition complex subunit 2


Mass: 66063.375 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ORC2, ORC2L / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: Q13416
#13: Protein Origin recognition complex subunit 4


Mass: 50443.266 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ORC4, ORC4L / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: O43929
#14: Protein Origin recognition complex subunit 5


Mass: 50349.934 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ORC5, ORC5L / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: O43913

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DNA replication licensing factor ... , 6 types, 6 molecules 234567

#2: Protein DNA replication licensing factor MCM2 / Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 homolog / Nuclear protein BM28


Mass: 101758.805 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MCM2, BM28, CCNL1, CDCL1, KIAA0030 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P49736, DNA helicase
#3: Protein DNA replication licensing factor MCM3 / DNA polymerase alpha holoenzyme-associated protein P1 / P1-MCM3 / RLF subunit beta / p102


Mass: 91297.023 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MCM3 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P25205, DNA helicase
#4: Protein DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 / CDC21 homolog / P1-CDC21


Mass: 96702.891 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MCM4, CDC21 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P33991, DNA helicase
#5: Protein DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 / CDC46 homolog / P1-CDC46


Mass: 82406.633 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MCM5, CDC46 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P33992, DNA helicase
#6: Protein DNA replication licensing factor MCM6 / p105MCM


Mass: 93010.273 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MCM6 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: Q14566, DNA helicase
#7: Protein DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 / CDC47 homolog / P1.1-MCM3


Mass: 81411.875 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MCM7, CDC47, MCM2 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P33993, DNA helicase

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DNA chain , 2 types, 2 molecules XY

#8: DNA chain DNA (58-mer)


Mass: 17790.395 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)
#9: DNA chain DNA (58-mer)


Mass: 17955.539 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)

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Protein , 1 types, 1 molecules C

#12: Protein Isoform 2 of Origin recognition complex subunit 3 / Origin recognition complex subunit Latheo


Mass: 82436.133 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ORC3, LATHEO, ORC3L / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: Q9UBD5

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Non-polymers , 4 types, 21 molecules

#15: Chemical
ChemComp-AGS / PHOSPHOTHIOPHOSPHORIC ACID-ADENYLATE ESTER / ATP-GAMMA-S / ADENOSINE 5'-(3-THIOTRIPHOSPHATE) / ADENOSINE 5'-(GAMMA-THIOTRIPHOSPHATE) / ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE MONOTHIOPHOSPHATE


Mass: 523.247 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H16N5O12P3S / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: ATP-gamma-S, energy-carrying molecule analogue*YM
#16: Chemical
ChemComp-MG / MAGNESIUM ION


Mass: 24.305 Da / Num. of mol.: 8 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Mg / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#17: Chemical
ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#18: Chemical ChemComp-ADP / ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 427.201 Da / Num. of mol.: 3 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H15N5O10P2 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

Component
IDNameTypeEntity IDParent-IDSource
1H. sapiens MCM bound to double stranded DNA and ORC1-6COMPLEX#1-#140MULTIPLE SOURCES
2Double stranded DNACOMPLEX#8-#91RECOMBINANT
3H. sapiens MCMCOMPLEX#2-#71RECOMBINANT
4H. sapiens ORC1-5COMPLEX#10-#141RECOMBINANT
5H. sapiens ORC6COMPLEX#11RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 1 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
22synthetic construct (others)32630
33Homo sapiens (human)9606
44Homo sapiens (human)9606
55Homo sapiens (human)9606
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
22synthetic construct (others)32630
33Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)7108
44Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)7108
55Escherichia coli (E. coli)562
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Details: The MCM recruitment reaction was reconstituted in vitro using purified H. sapiens proteins, a short DNA template and ATPgammaS. Four microlitres of the entire reaction was applied on a grid ...Details: The MCM recruitment reaction was reconstituted in vitro using purified H. sapiens proteins, a short DNA template and ATPgammaS. Four microlitres of the entire reaction was applied on a grid and incubated for 1 min at room temperature before blotting with filter paper for 5 s and plunge-freezing in liquid ethane.
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 90 % / Chamber temperature: 295 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 130000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 9.4 sec. / Electron dose: 49.28 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 31569
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1Topaz0.2.4particle selection
2EPUimage acquisition
4CTFFIND4.1.10CTF correction
5RELION4.0b-GPUCTF correction
6cryoSPARC3.3.2CTF correction
9UCSF ChimeraX1.6.1model fitting
11cryoSPARC3.3.2initial Euler assignment
12cryoSPARC3.3.2final Euler assignment
14cryoSPARC3.3.23D reconstruction
15PHENIX1.21_5207model refinement
16ISOLDEmodel refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 182341
Details: The here represented map is a composite map of the consensus refinement and the locally refined map encompassing the ORC1-5 complex.
Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingDetails: The models of MCM2-7-ORC6 and ORC1-5 that were refined against the consensus refinement of the MCM-ORC complex and the locally refined ORC1-5, respectively, were fitted into the composite ...Details: The models of MCM2-7-ORC6 and ORC1-5 that were refined against the consensus refinement of the MCM-ORC complex and the locally refined ORC1-5, respectively, were fitted into the composite map using rigid body docking.

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