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- PDB-8pk4: Cryo EM structure of the type 5A polymorph of alpha-synuclein. -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8pk4
TitleCryo EM structure of the type 5A polymorph of alpha-synuclein.
ComponentsAlpha-synuclein
KeywordsPROTEIN FIBRIL / amyloid / polymorphism
Function / homology
Function and homology information


negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone / : / response to desipramine / neutral lipid metabolic process / regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process / negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake / positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process / supramolecular fiber ...negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone / : / response to desipramine / neutral lipid metabolic process / regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process / negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake / positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process / supramolecular fiber / mitochondrial membrane organization / regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling / negative regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy / regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process / negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery / negative regulation of exocytosis / regulation of glutamate secretion / SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion / dopamine biosynthetic process / regulation of norepinephrine uptake / response to iron(II) ion / negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process / transporter regulator activity / regulation of locomotion / mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport / regulation of macrophage activation / positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process / synaptic vesicle priming / negative regulation of microtubule polymerization / synaptic vesicle transport / positive regulation of receptor recycling / dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / protein kinase inhibitor activity / dynein complex binding / regulation of dopamine secretion / negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway / nuclear outer membrane / cuprous ion binding / positive regulation of exocytosis / response to magnesium ion / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / positive regulation of endocytosis / kinesin binding / synaptic vesicle endocytosis / enzyme inhibitor activity / cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity / negative regulation of serotonin uptake / regulation of presynapse assembly / response to type II interferon / alpha-tubulin binding / beta-tubulin binding / phospholipase binding / behavioral response to cocaine / supramolecular fiber organization / cellular response to copper ion / phospholipid metabolic process / cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus / inclusion body / axon terminus / cellular response to epinephrine stimulus / Hsp70 protein binding / response to interleukin-1 / regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization / SNARE binding / positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / adult locomotory behavior / excitatory postsynaptic potential / phosphoprotein binding / fatty acid metabolic process / protein tetramerization / microglial cell activation / regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity / ferrous iron binding / synapse organization / protein destabilization / PKR-mediated signaling / phospholipid binding / receptor internalization / tau protein binding / long-term synaptic potentiation / terminal bouton / positive regulation of inflammatory response / synaptic vesicle membrane / actin cytoskeleton / actin binding / growth cone / cellular response to oxidative stress / cell cortex / neuron apoptotic process / microtubule binding / chemical synaptic transmission / molecular adaptor activity / response to lipopolysaccharide / histone binding / amyloid fibril formation / negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process / mitochondrial outer membrane / lysosome
Similarity search - Function
Synuclein / Alpha-synuclein / Synuclein
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / helical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.3 Å
AuthorsFrey, L. / Qureshi, B.M. / Kwiatkowski, W. / Rhyner, D. / Greenwald, J. / Riek, R.
Funding support Switzerland, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Swiss National Science Foundation Switzerland
Other government
Citation
Journal: Elife / Year: 2024
Title: On the pH-dependence of α-synuclein amyloid polymorphism and the role of secondary nucleation in seed-based amyloid propagation.
Authors: Lukas Frey / Dhiman Ghosh / Bilal M Qureshi / David Rhyner / Ricardo Guerrero-Ferreira / Aditya Pokharna / Witek Kwiatkowski / Tetiana Serdiuk / Paola Picotti / Roland Riek / Jason Greenwald /
Abstract: The aggregation of the protein α-synuclein is closely associated with several neurodegenerative disorders and as such the structures of the amyloid fibril aggregates have high scientific and medical ...The aggregation of the protein α-synuclein is closely associated with several neurodegenerative disorders and as such the structures of the amyloid fibril aggregates have high scientific and medical significance. However, there are dozens of unique atomic-resolution structures of these aggregates, and such a highly polymorphic nature of the α-synuclein fibrils hampers efforts in disease-relevant in vitro studies on α-synuclein amyloid aggregation. In order to better understand the factors that affect polymorph selection, we studied the structures of α-synuclein fibrils in vitro as a function of pH and buffer using cryo-EM helical reconstruction. We find that in the physiological range of pH 5.8-7.4, a pH-dependent selection between Type 1, 2, and 3 polymorphs occurs. Our results indicate that even in the presence of seeds, the polymorph selection during aggregation is highly dependent on the buffer conditions, attributed to the non-polymorph-specific nature of secondary nucleation. We also uncovered two new polymorphs that occur at pH 7.0 in phosphate-buffered saline. The first is a monofilament Type 1 fibril that highly resembles the structure of the juvenile-onset synucleinopathy polymorph found in patient-derived material. The second is a new Type 5 polymorph that resembles a polymorph that has been recently reported in a study that used diseased tissues to seed aggregation. Taken together, our results highlight the shallow amyloid energy hypersurface that can be altered by subtle changes in the environment, including the pH which is shown to play a major role in polymorph selection and in many cases appears to be the determining factor in seeded aggregation. The results also suggest the possibility of producing disease-relevant structure in vitro.
#1: Journal: Elife / Year: 2023
Title: On the pH-dependence of alpha-synuclein amyloid polymorphism and the role of secondary nucleation in seed-based amyloid propagation
Authors: Frey, L. / Ghosh, D. / Qureshi, B.M. / Rhyner, D. / Pokharna, A. / Guerrero-Ferreira, R. / Kwiatkowski, W. / Serdiuk, T. / Picotti, P. / Riek, R. / Greenwald, J.
History
DepositionJun 24, 2023Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0May 29, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Sep 11, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin / Item: _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Alpha-synuclein
B: Alpha-synuclein
C: Alpha-synuclein
D: Alpha-synuclein
E: Alpha-synuclein
F: Alpha-synuclein
G: Alpha-synuclein
H: Alpha-synuclein
I: Alpha-synuclein
J: Alpha-synuclein


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)145,18110
Polymers145,18110
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein
Alpha-synuclein / Non-A beta component of AD amyloid / Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor / NACP


Mass: 14518.146 Da / Num. of mol.: 10
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SNCA, NACP, PARK1 / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: P37840
Has ligand of interestN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: FILAMENT / 3D reconstruction method: helical reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: alpha-synuclein amyloid fibril / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Buffer solutionpH: 7
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
110 mMphosphatePO41
2137 mMsodium chlorideNaCl1
32.7 mMpotassium chlorideKCl1
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE-PROPANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 130000 X / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 1 sec. / Electron dose: 75 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Num. of real images: 1850
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum / Energyfilter slit width: 20 eV

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
2EPUimage acquisition
12RELION4.0.0classification
13RELION4.0.03D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Helical symmertyAngular rotation/subunit: 179.6 ° / Axial rise/subunit: 2.42 Å / Axial symmetry: C1
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.3 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 86219 / Symmetry type: HELICAL
Atomic model buildingProtocol: AB INITIO MODEL / Space: REAL

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