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- PDB-8kh5: Cryo-EM structure of the GPR174-Gs complex bound to endogenous lysoPS -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8kh5
TitleCryo-EM structure of the GPR174-Gs complex bound to endogenous lysoPS
Components
  • (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...) x 3
  • Nanobody 35
  • Probable G-protein coupled receptor 174
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / GPCR / Gs
Function / homology
Function and homology information


bioactive lipid receptor activity / negative regulation of interleukin-2 production / T cell homeostasis / PKA activation in glucagon signalling / developmental growth / hair follicle placode formation / D1 dopamine receptor binding / intracellular transport / vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress / renal water homeostasis ...bioactive lipid receptor activity / negative regulation of interleukin-2 production / T cell homeostasis / PKA activation in glucagon signalling / developmental growth / hair follicle placode formation / D1 dopamine receptor binding / intracellular transport / vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress / renal water homeostasis / activation of adenylate cyclase activity / Hedgehog 'off' state / adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway / cellular response to glucagon stimulus / regulation of insulin secretion / adenylate cyclase activator activity / trans-Golgi network membrane / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / G protein-coupled receptor activity / bone development / platelet aggregation / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / centriolar satellite / cognition / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / sensory perception of smell / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis / retina development in camera-type eye / G protein activity / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / fibroblast proliferation / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell population proliferation / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / lysosomal membrane / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / GTPase activity / synapse / GTP binding / protein-containing complex binding / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / metal ion binding / membrane / plasma membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
: / G-protein alpha subunit, group S / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain ...: / G-protein alpha subunit, group S / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
CHOLESTEROL / Chem-LPS / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short / Probable G-protein coupled receptor 174
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Lama glama (llama)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.83 Å
AuthorsNie, Y. / Qiu, Z. / Zheng, S. / Chen, S.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China) China
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2023
Title: Specific binding of GPR174 by endogenous lysophosphatidylserine leads to high constitutive G signaling.
Authors: Yingying Nie / Zeming Qiu / Sijia Chen / Zhao Chen / Xiaocui Song / Yan Ma / Niu Huang / Jason G Cyster / Sanduo Zheng /
Abstract: Many orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remain understudied because their endogenous ligands are unknown. Here, we show that a group of class A/rhodopsin-like orphan GPCRs including GPR61, ...Many orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remain understudied because their endogenous ligands are unknown. Here, we show that a group of class A/rhodopsin-like orphan GPCRs including GPR61, GPR161 and GPR174 increase the cAMP level similarly to fully activated D1 dopamine receptor (D1R). We report cryo-electron microscopy structures of the GPR61‒G, GPR161‒G and GPR174‒G complexes without any exogenous ligands. The GPR174 structure reveals that endogenous lysophosphatidylserine (lysoPS) is copurified. While GPR174 fails to respond to exogenous lysoPS, likely owing to its maximal activation by the endogenous ligand, GPR174 mutants with lower ligand binding affinities can be specifically activated by lysoPS but not other lipids, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, GPR174 adopts a non-canonical G coupling mode. The structures of GPR161 and GPR61 reveal that the second extracellular loop (ECL2) penetrates into the orthosteric pocket, possibly contributing to constitutive activity. Our work definitively confirms lysoPS as an endogenous GPR174 ligand and suggests that high constitutive activity of some orphan GPCRs could be accounted for by their having naturally abundant ligands.
History
DepositionAug 21, 2023Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Oct 18, 2023Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
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Revision 1.1Nov 13, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification
Revision 1.2Jul 2, 2025Group: Data collection / Category: em_admin / em_software / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name
Revision 1.1Jul 2, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Data processing / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: em_admin / em_software / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Probable G-protein coupled receptor 174
B: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
C: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
E: Nanobody 35
D: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)134,0998
Polymers132,8405
Non-polymers1,2593
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ... , 3 types, 3 molecules BCD

#2: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short / Adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein


Mass: 28907.684 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: G49D,E50N,A249D,S252D,I362A,V365I
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNAS, GNAS1, GSP / Cell line (production host): Expi293 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P63092
#3: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1


Mass: 39280.910 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P62873
#5: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 7845.078 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P59768

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Protein / Antibody , 2 types, 2 molecules AE

#1: Protein Probable G-protein coupled receptor 174


Mass: 39454.324 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GPR174 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9BXC1
#4: Antibody Nanobody 35


Mass: 17352.498 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Lama glama (llama) / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)

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Non-polymers , 2 types, 3 molecules

#6: Chemical ChemComp-CLR / CHOLESTEROL


Mass: 386.654 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C27H46O
#7: Chemical ChemComp-LPS / O-{HYDROXY[((2R)-2-HYDROXY-3-{[(1S)-1-HYDROXYPENTADECYL]OXY}PROPYL)OXY]PHOSPHORYL}-L-SERINE / LYSOPHOSPHOTIDYLSERINE


Type: L-peptide linking / Mass: 485.549 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C21H44NO9P

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

Component
IDNameTypeEntity IDParent-IDSource
1Cryo-EM structure of the GPR174 and mini-Gs complex with Nb35COMPLEX#1-#50RECOMBINANT
2GPR174COMPLEX#1-#21RECOMBINANT
3Gs complexCOMPLEX#3, #51RECOMBINANT
4Nb35COMPLEX#41RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
22Homo sapiens (human)9606
33Homo sapiens (human)9606
44Lama glama (llama)9844
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
22Homo sapiens (human)9606
33Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)7108
44Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)469008
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenConc.: 7 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 281 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 64000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2780 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1390 nm
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Num. of real images: 2943

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategoryDetails
4cryoSPARCV2CTF correctionpatch CTF was used to determine the CTF correction
8PHENIXmodel refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 1594624
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.83 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 807893 / Num. of class averages: 1 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0038386
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.54511371
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d5.4411165
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0441279
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0041443

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