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- PDB-7xbd: Cryo-EM structure of human galanin receptor 2 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7xbd
TitleCryo-EM structure of human galanin receptor 2
Components
  • (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...) x 3
  • Galanin
  • Galanin receptor type 2
  • scFv16
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / GPCR / GALANIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


galanin-activated signaling pathway / galanin receptor binding / type 1 galanin receptor binding / type 2 galanin receptor binding / type 3 galanin receptor binding / galanin receptor activity / positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity / positive regulation of timing of catagen / positive regulation of cortisol secretion / regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process ...galanin-activated signaling pathway / galanin receptor binding / type 1 galanin receptor binding / type 2 galanin receptor binding / type 3 galanin receptor binding / galanin receptor activity / positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity / positive regulation of timing of catagen / positive regulation of cortisol secretion / regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process / inositol phosphate metabolic process / negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation / phosphatidylinositol metabolic process / neuropeptide hormone activity / neuropeptide binding / feeding behavior / insulin secretion / peptide hormone binding / response to immobilization stress / neuropeptide signaling pathway / protein kinase A signaling / Peptide ligand-binding receptors / cAMP-mediated signaling / secretory granule / muscle contraction / response to insulin / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G-protein activation / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / cilium / photoreceptor disc membrane / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / response to estrogen / sensory perception of taste / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / G-protein beta-subunit binding / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / neuron projection development / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / GTPase binding / retina development in camera-type eye / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / Ca2+ pathway / positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration / G alpha (i) signalling events / fibroblast proliferation / G alpha (s) signalling events / G alpha (q) signalling events / cell population proliferation / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / learning or memory / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / response to xenobiotic stimulus / positive regulation of apoptotic process / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / neuronal cell body / synapse / protein-containing complex binding / signal transduction / positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / membrane / plasma membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Galanin receptor 2 / Galanin receptor family / Galanin / Galanin precursor / Galanin message associated peptide (GMAP) / Galanin / Galanin message associated peptide (GMAP) / Galanin signature. / Galanin / Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor Srsx ...Galanin receptor 2 / Galanin receptor family / Galanin / Galanin precursor / Galanin message associated peptide (GMAP) / Galanin / Galanin message associated peptide (GMAP) / Galanin signature. / Galanin / Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor Srsx / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / GGL domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / G-protein gamma-like domain / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Galanin receptor type 2 / Galanin peptides / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Mus musculus (house mouse)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.11 Å
AuthorsIshimoto, N. / Kita, S. / Park, S.Y.
Funding support1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: PLoS Biol / Year: 2022
Title: Structure of the human galanin receptor 2 bound to galanin and Gq reveals the basis of ligand specificity and how binding affects the G-protein interface.
Authors: Yunseok Heo / Naito Ishimoto / Ye-Eun Jeon / Ji-Hye Yun / Mio Ohki / Yuki Anraku / Mina Sasaki / Shunsuke Kita / Hideo Fukuhara / Tatsuya Ikuta / Kouki Kawakami / Asuka Inoue / Katsumi ...Authors: Yunseok Heo / Naito Ishimoto / Ye-Eun Jeon / Ji-Hye Yun / Mio Ohki / Yuki Anraku / Mina Sasaki / Shunsuke Kita / Hideo Fukuhara / Tatsuya Ikuta / Kouki Kawakami / Asuka Inoue / Katsumi Maenaka / Jeremy R H Tame / Weontae Lee / Sam-Yong Park /
Abstract: Galanin is a neuropeptide expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where it regulates various processes including neuroendocrine release, cognition, and nerve regeneration. Three G- ...Galanin is a neuropeptide expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where it regulates various processes including neuroendocrine release, cognition, and nerve regeneration. Three G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) for galanin have been discovered, which is the focus of efforts to treat diseases including Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, and addiction. To understand the basis of the ligand preferences of the receptors and to assist structure-based drug design, we used cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to solve the molecular structure of GALR2 bound to galanin and a cognate heterotrimeric G-protein, providing a molecular view of the neuropeptide binding site. Mutant proteins were assayed to help reveal the basis of ligand specificity, and structural comparison between the activated GALR2 and inactive hβ2AR was used to relate galanin binding to the movements of transmembrane (TM) helices and the G-protein interface.
History
DepositionMar 21, 2022Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Jul 13, 2022Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Aug 10, 2022Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _citation_author.name

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Galanin receptor type 2
B: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
C: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
D: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
E: scFv16
F: Galanin


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)145,7436
Polymers145,7436
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ... , 3 types, 3 molecules BCD

#2: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha


Mass: 28084.832 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
#3: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Transducin beta chain 1


Mass: 37416.930 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P62873
#4: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 7861.143 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P59768

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Protein / Antibody / Protein/peptide , 3 types, 3 molecules AEF

#1: Protein Galanin receptor type 2 / GAL2-R / GALR-2


Mass: 41744.082 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GALR2, GALNR2 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: O43603
#5: Antibody scFv16


Mass: 27474.574 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse) / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
#6: Protein/peptide Galanin


Mass: 3161.446 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P22466

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

Component
IDNameTypeEntity IDParent-IDSource
1Human galanin receptor 2 complex with Gq heterotrimerCOMPLEXall0MULTIPLE SOURCES
2Human galanin receptor 2COMPLEX#1-#41RECOMBINANT
3scFv16COMPLEX#51RECOMBINANT
4GalaninCOMPLEX#61SYNTHETIC
Molecular weightValue: 0.15 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
21Homo sapiens (human)9606
32Mus musculus (house mouse)10090
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
21Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)7108
32Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)7108
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
120 mM2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acidHEPES1
2100 mMsodium chlorideNaCl1
31 mMmagnesium chlorideMgCl21
40.5 mMtris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphineTCEP1
50.001 %(w/v)Lauryl Maltose Neopentyl GlycolLMNG1
60.0001 %(w/v)cholesteryl homosuccinateCHS1
SpecimenConc.: 1.5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: COPPER / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 130000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 4.7 sec. / Electron dose: 53.17 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 7216

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.19.2_4158: / Classification: refinement
EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
4cryoSPARC3.3.1CTF correction
7Coot0.9.5model fitting
9PHENIX1.19.2model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 2666499
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.11 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 479312 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingSpace: REAL
Atomic model buildingPDB-ID: 7EZM

7ezm

Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0039172
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.50212440
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d4.3341262
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0411409
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0041582

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