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- PDB-7tez: Cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Kappa (B.1.617.1) spike protein i... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7tez
TitleCryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 Kappa (B.1.617.1) spike protein in complex with human ACE2 (focused refinement of RBD and ACE2)
Components
  • Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
  • Spike glycoprotein
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / SARS-CoV-2 / glycoprotein / fusion protein / ACE2
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of cardiac conduction / regulation of vasoconstriction ...positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of cardiac conduction / regulation of vasoconstriction / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / angiotensin maturation / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / negative regulation of signaling receptor activity / carboxypeptidase activity / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / viral life cycle / regulation of cytokine production / blood vessel diameter maintenance / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / brush border membrane / regulation of transmembrane transporter activity / cilium / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / metallopeptidase activity / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / endocytic vesicle membrane / virus receptor activity / regulation of cell population proliferation / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Potential therapeutics for SARS / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor ligand activity / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / symbiont entry into host cell / membrane raft / apical plasma membrane / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / cell surface / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / zinc ion binding / extracellular region / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal ...Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike glycoprotein / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Homo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.27 Å
AuthorsZhu, X. / Saville, J.W. / Mannar, D. / Srivastava, S.S. / Berezuk, A.M. / Demers, J.P. / Zhou, S. / Tuttle, K.S. / Subramaniam, S.
Funding support2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Canada Excellence Research Chair AwardPrecision Cancer Drug Design
Other governmentCOVID-19 research
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2022
Title: Structural and biochemical rationale for enhanced spike protein fitness in delta and kappa SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Authors: James W Saville / Dhiraj Mannar / Xing Zhu / Shanti S Srivastava / Alison M Berezuk / Jean-Philippe Demers / Steven Zhou / Katharine S Tuttle / Inna Sekirov / Andrew Kim / Wei Li / Dimiter S ...Authors: James W Saville / Dhiraj Mannar / Xing Zhu / Shanti S Srivastava / Alison M Berezuk / Jean-Philippe Demers / Steven Zhou / Katharine S Tuttle / Inna Sekirov / Andrew Kim / Wei Li / Dimiter S Dimitrov / Sriram Subramaniam /
Abstract: The Delta and Kappa variants of SARS-CoV-2 co-emerged in India in late 2020, with the Delta variant underlying the resurgence of COVID-19, even in countries with high vaccination rates. In this ...The Delta and Kappa variants of SARS-CoV-2 co-emerged in India in late 2020, with the Delta variant underlying the resurgence of COVID-19, even in countries with high vaccination rates. In this study, we assess structural and biochemical aspects of viral fitness for these two variants using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), ACE2-binding and antibody neutralization analyses. Both variants demonstrate escape of antibodies targeting the N-terminal domain, an important immune hotspot for neutralizing epitopes. Compared to wild-type and Kappa lineages, Delta variant spike proteins show modest increase in ACE2 affinity, likely due to enhanced electrostatic complementarity at the RBD-ACE2 interface, which we characterize by cryo-EM. Unexpectedly, Kappa variant spike trimers form a structural head-to-head dimer-of-trimers assembly, which we demonstrate is a result of the E484Q mutation and with unknown biological implications. The combination of increased antibody escape and enhanced ACE2 binding provides an explanation, in part, for the rapid global dominance of the Delta variant.
History
DepositionJan 6, 2022Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Mar 16, 2022Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
B: Spike glycoprotein
E: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)214,4189
Polymers212,8702
Non-polymers1,5487
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Spike glycoprotein / S glycoprotein / E2 / Peplomer protein


Mass: 142482.609 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Gene: S, 2 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P0DTC2
#2: Protein Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2


Mass: 70386.992 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ACE2, UNQ868/PRO1885 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9BYF1
#3: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 7 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
Has ligand of interestN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

Component
IDNameTypeEntity IDParent-IDSource
1SARS-CoV-2 Kappa (B.1.617.1) spike protein in complex with human ACE2COMPLEX#1-#20MULTIPLE SOURCES
2SARS-CoV-2 Kappa (B.1.617.1) spike proteinCOMPLEX#11RECOMBINANT
3human ACE2COMPLEX#21RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
21Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 22697049
32Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 22697049
43Homo sapiens (human)9606
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
21Homo sapiens (human)9606
32Homo sapiens (human)9606
43Homo sapiens (human)9606
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 500 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 40 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k)

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Processing

Software
NameVersionClassificationNB
phenix.real_space_refine1.19_4092refinement
PHENIX1.19_4092refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.27 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 105037 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementCross valid method: NONE
Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 115.49 Å2
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00526735
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.88339152
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0588977
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.00761178
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d13.35952445

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