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Open data
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Basic information
Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 5iqr | ||||||||||||
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Title | Structure of RelA bound to the 70S ribosome | ||||||||||||
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![]() | RIBOSOME / tRNA / RelA / ppGpp | ||||||||||||
Function / homology | ![]() guanosine tetraphosphate metabolic process / guanosine-3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-diphosphatase activity / GTP diphosphokinase / GTP diphosphokinase activity / guanosine tetraphosphate biosynthetic process / nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion / negative regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / stringent response / response to starvation / ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity ...guanosine tetraphosphate metabolic process / guanosine-3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-diphosphatase activity / GTP diphosphokinase / GTP diphosphokinase activity / guanosine tetraphosphate biosynthetic process / nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion / negative regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / stringent response / response to starvation / ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity / transcription antitermination factor activity, RNA binding / misfolded RNA binding / Group I intron splicing / RNA folding / transcriptional attenuation / positive regulation of ribosome biogenesis / endoribonuclease inhibitor activity / RNA-binding transcription regulator activity / translational termination / negative regulation of cytoplasmic translation / four-way junction DNA binding / DnaA-L2 complex / translation repressor activity / negative regulation of translational initiation / regulation of mRNA stability / negative regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication initiation / mRNA regulatory element binding translation repressor activity / assembly of large subunit precursor of preribosome / positive regulation of RNA splicing / ribosome assembly / transcription elongation factor complex / regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation / cytosolic ribosome assembly / response to reactive oxygen species / DNA endonuclease activity / transcription antitermination / translational initiation / regulation of cell growth / DNA-templated transcription termination / response to radiation / maintenance of translational fidelity / mRNA 5'-UTR binding / kinase activity / ribosome biogenesis / regulation of translation / large ribosomal subunit / transferase activity / ribosome binding / ribosomal small subunit biogenesis / ribosomal small subunit assembly / small ribosomal subunit / 5S rRNA binding / ribosomal large subunit assembly / cytosolic small ribosomal subunit / large ribosomal subunit rRNA binding / small ribosomal subunit rRNA binding / cytosolic large ribosomal subunit / cytoplasmic translation / tRNA binding / negative regulation of translation / rRNA binding / ribosome / structural constituent of ribosome / translation / response to antibiotic / negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription / mRNA binding / GTP binding / DNA binding / RNA binding / zinc ion binding / ATP binding / membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm Similarity search - Function | ||||||||||||
Biological species | ![]() ![]() synthetic construct (others) | ||||||||||||
Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3 Å | ||||||||||||
![]() | Brown, A. / Fernandez, I.S. / Gordiyenko, Y. / Ramakrishnan, V. | ||||||||||||
![]() | ![]() Title: Ribosome-dependent activation of stringent control. Authors: Alan Brown / Israel S Fernández / Yuliya Gordiyenko / V Ramakrishnan / ![]() Abstract: In order to survive, bacteria continually sense, and respond to, environmental fluctuations. Stringent control represents a key bacterial stress response to nutrient starvation that leads to rapid ...In order to survive, bacteria continually sense, and respond to, environmental fluctuations. Stringent control represents a key bacterial stress response to nutrient starvation that leads to rapid and comprehensive reprogramming of metabolic and transcriptional patterns. In general, transcription of genes for growth and proliferation is downregulated, while those important for survival and virulence are upregulated. Amino acid starvation is sensed by depletion of the aminoacylated tRNA pools, and this results in accumulation of ribosomes stalled with non-aminoacylated (uncharged) tRNA in the ribosomal A site. RelA is recruited to stalled ribosomes and activated to synthesize a hyperphosphorylated guanosine analogue, (p)ppGpp, which acts as a pleiotropic secondary messenger. However, structural information about how RelA recognizes stalled ribosomes and discriminates against aminoacylated tRNAs is missing. Here we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of RelA bound to the bacterial ribosome stalled with uncharged tRNA. The structure reveals that RelA utilizes a distinct binding site compared to the translational factors, with a multi-domain architecture that wraps around a highly distorted A-site tRNA. The TGS (ThrRS, GTPase and SpoT) domain of RelA binds the CCA tail to orient the free 3' hydroxyl group of the terminal adenosine towards a β-strand, such that an aminoacylated tRNA at this position would be sterically precluded. The structure supports a model in which association of RelA with the ribosome suppresses auto-inhibition to activate synthesis of (p)ppGpp and initiate the stringent response. Since stringent control is responsible for the survival of pathogenic bacteria under stress conditions, and contributes to chronic infections and antibiotic tolerance, RelA represents a good target for the development of novel antibacterial therapeutics. | ||||||||||||
History |
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Structure visualization
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Structure viewer | Molecule: ![]() ![]() |
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Downloads & links
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Download
PDBx/mmCIF format | ![]() | 3.8 MB | Display | ![]() |
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PDB format | ![]() | Display | ![]() | |
PDBx/mmJSON format | ![]() | Tree view | ![]() | |
Others | ![]() |
-Validation report
Summary document | ![]() | 1.6 MB | Display | ![]() |
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Full document | ![]() | 1.7 MB | Display | |
Data in XML | ![]() | 231.9 KB | Display | |
Data in CIF | ![]() | 402.9 KB | Display | |
Arichive directory | ![]() ![]() | HTTPS FTP |
-Related structure data
Related structure data | ![]() 8107MC ![]() 8108C ![]() 8109C ![]() 8110C ![]() 8111C ![]() 8112C ![]() 8113C ![]() 8114C ![]() 8115C M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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Similar structure data |
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Links
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Assembly
Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
+50S ribosomal protein ... , 31 types, 31 molecules BCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdef
-30S ribosomal protein ... , 20 types, 20 molecules ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
#32: Protein | Mass: 26781.670 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
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#33: Protein | Mass: 25975.209 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#34: Protein | Mass: 23514.199 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#35: Protein | Mass: 17629.398 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#36: Protein | Mass: 15727.512 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#37: Protein | Mass: 20055.156 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#38: Protein | Mass: 14146.557 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#39: Protein | Mass: 14886.270 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#40: Protein | Mass: 11755.597 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#41: Protein | Mass: 13870.975 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#42: Protein | Mass: 13814.249 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#43: Protein | Mass: 13128.467 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#44: Protein | Mass: 11606.560 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#45: Protein | Mass: 10290.816 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#46: Protein | Mass: 9207.572 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#47: Protein | Mass: 9724.491 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#48: Protein | Mass: 9063.508 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#49: Protein | Mass: 10455.355 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#50: Protein | Mass: 9708.464 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#51: Protein | Mass: 8524.039 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
-RNA chain , 7 types, 7 molecules 1234567
#52: RNA chain | Mass: 941832.625 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
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#53: RNA chain | Mass: 497075.812 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#54: RNA chain | Mass: 38177.762 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#55: RNA chain | Mass: 24485.539 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#56: RNA chain | Mass: 24893.010 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#57: RNA chain | Mass: 24707.926 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
#58: RNA chain | Mass: 3146.916 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others) |
-Protein , 1 types, 1 molecules 8
#59: Protein | Mass: 83996.617 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) ![]() ![]() |
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-Non-polymers , 5 types, 306 molecules 








#60: Chemical | ChemComp-MG / #61: Chemical | #62: Chemical | ChemComp-PAR / | #63: Chemical | ChemComp-MET / | #64: Water | ChemComp-HOH / | |
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-Experimental details
-Experiment
Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
Component | Name: RIBOSOME / Type: RIBOSOME / Entity ID: #1-#59 / Source: NATURAL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() ![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buffer solution | pH: 7.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buffer component |
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Specimen | Conc.: 0.1 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES / Details: This sample was monodisperse. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specimen support | Grid material: COPPER / Grid mesh size: 400 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R2/2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vitrification | Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK II / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K / Details: Grids were blotted for 5 s |
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Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Tecnai Polara / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Microscopy | Model: FEI POLARA 300 |
Electron gun | Electron source: ![]() |
Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Calibrated magnification: 104478 X / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1800 nm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE |
Specimen holder | Cryogen: NITROGEN |
Image recording | Electron dose: 35 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: OTHER Details: FEI Falcon III Images were collected in movie-mode at 30 frames per second |
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Processing
Software | Name: REFMAC / Version: 5.8.0124 / Classification: refinement | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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EM software |
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CTF correction | Type: NONE | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Particle selection | Num. of particles selected: 183615 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 98498 / Symmetry type: POINT | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic model building | B value: 112.7 / Protocol: OTHER / Space: RECIPROCAL / Target criteria: Average FSC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic model building | PDB-ID: 4YBB Accession code: 4YBB / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Refinement | Resolution: 3→257.28 Å / Cor.coef. Fo:Fc: 0.907 / SU B: 16.623 / SU ML: 0.301 / ESU R: 0.472 Stereochemistry target values: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD WITH PHASES Details: HYDROGENS HAVE BEEN ADDED IN THE RIDING POSITIONS
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Solvent computation | Solvent model: PARAMETERS FOR MASK CACLULATION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Displacement parameters | Biso mean: 106.009 Å2
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Refinement step | Cycle: 1 / Total: 151800 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Refine LS restraints |
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