National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
R35GM122481
United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
R35GM122473
United States
Citation
Journal: bioRxiv / Year: 2025 Title: Docking 14 million virtual isoquinuclidines against the mu and kappa opioid receptors reveals dual antagonists-inverse agonists with reduced withdrawal effects. Authors: Seth F Vigneron / Shohei Ohno / Joao Braz / Joseph Y Kim / Oh Sang Kweon / Chase Webb / Christian Billesbølle / Karnika Bhardwaj / John Irwin / Aashish Manglik / Allan I Basbaum / Jonathan ...Authors: Seth F Vigneron / Shohei Ohno / Joao Braz / Joseph Y Kim / Oh Sang Kweon / Chase Webb / Christian Billesbølle / Karnika Bhardwaj / John Irwin / Aashish Manglik / Allan I Basbaum / Jonathan A Ellman / Brian K Shoichet / Abstract: Large library docking of tangible molecules has revealed potent ligands across many targets. While make-on-demand libraries now exceed 75 billion enumerated molecules, their synthetic routes are ...Large library docking of tangible molecules has revealed potent ligands across many targets. While make-on-demand libraries now exceed 75 billion enumerated molecules, their synthetic routes are dominated by a few reaction types, reducing diversity and inevitably leaving many interesting bioactive-like chemotypes unexplored. Here, we investigate the large-scale enumeration and targeted docking of isoquinuclidines. These "natural-product-like" molecules are rare in the current libraries and are functionally congested, making them interesting as receptor probes. Using a modular, four-component reaction scheme, we built and docked a virtual library of over 14.6 million isoquinuclidines against both the μ- and -opioid receptors (MOR and KOR, respectively). Synthesis and experimental testing of 18 prioritized compounds found nine ligands with low μM affinities. Structure-based optimization revealed low- and sub-nM antagonists and inverse agonists targeting both receptors. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) structures illuminate the origins of activity on each target. In mouse behavioral studies, a potent member of the series with joint MOR-antagonist and KOR-inverse-agonist activity reversed morphine-induced analgesia, phenocopying the MOR-selective anti-overdose agent naloxone. Encouragingly, the new molecule induced less severe opioid-induced withdrawal symptoms compared to naloxone during withdrawal precipitation, and did not induce conditioned-place aversion, likely reflecting a reduction of dysphoria due to the compound's KOR-inverse agonism. The strengths and weaknesses of bespoke library docking, and of docking for opioid receptor polypharmacology, will be considered.
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