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- EMDB-47687: CryoEM structure of PAR2 with GB88 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-47687
TitleCryoEM structure of PAR2 with GB88
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Complex of PAR2 with G proteins and GB88
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Proteinase-activated receptor 2
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha chimera
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: scFv16
  • Ligand: N-[(2S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-{[(2S,3S)-3-methyl-1-oxo-1-(spiro[indene-1,4'-piperidin]-1'-yl)pentan-2-yl]amino}-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-1,2-oxazole-5-carboxamide
KeywordsPAR2 / GB88 / MEMBRANE PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium / positive regulation of renin secretion into blood stream / positive regulation of eosinophil degranulation / mature conventional dendritic cell differentiation / leukocyte proliferation / positive regulation of glomerular filtration / regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production / negative regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / thrombin-activated receptor activity ...positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium / positive regulation of renin secretion into blood stream / positive regulation of eosinophil degranulation / mature conventional dendritic cell differentiation / leukocyte proliferation / positive regulation of glomerular filtration / regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production / negative regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway / thrombin-activated receptor activity / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway / positive regulation of actin filament depolymerization / cell-cell junction maintenance / positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway / positive regulation of pseudopodium assembly / T cell activation involved in immune response / positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response / positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment / negative regulation of chemokine production / neutrophil activation / positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis / positive regulation of chemotaxis / establishment of endothelial barrier / positive regulation of positive chemotaxis / regulation of JNK cascade / regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / negative regulation of JNK cascade / leukocyte migration / regulation of blood coagulation / positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction / pseudopodium / positive regulation of interleukin-10 production / positive regulation of GTPase activity / G-protein alpha-subunit binding / negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway / positive regulation of chemokine production / positive regulation of superoxide anion generation / Peptide ligand-binding receptors / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / positive regulation of interleukin-8 production / positive regulation of JNK cascade / negative regulation of insulin secretion / G protein-coupled receptor activity / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / vasodilation / positive regulation of type II interferon production / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / blood coagulation / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / signaling receptor activity / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / retina development in camera-type eye / positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / protease binding / fibroblast proliferation / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / defense response to virus / G alpha (q) signalling events / Ras protein signal transduction / early endosome
Similarity search - Function
Protease-activated receptor 2 / Protease-activated receptor / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein ...Protease-activated receptor 2 / Protease-activated receptor / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Proteinase-activated receptor 2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.18 Å
AuthorsLyu X / Lyu Z / Malyutin AG / McGrath AP / Kang Y
Funding support1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Structural basis for the activation of proteinase-activated receptors PAR1 and PAR2.
Authors: Zongyang Lyu / Xiaoxuan Lyu / Andrey G Malyutin / Guliang Xia / Daniel Carney / Vinicius M Alves / Matthew Falk / Nidhi Arora / Hua Zou / Aaron P McGrath / Yanyong Kang /
Abstract: Members of the proteinase-activated receptor (PAR) subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play critical roles in processes like hemostasis, thrombosis, development, wound healing, ...Members of the proteinase-activated receptor (PAR) subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play critical roles in processes like hemostasis, thrombosis, development, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer progression. Comprising PAR1-PAR4, these receptors are specifically activated by protease cleavage at their extracellular amino terminus, revealing a 'tethered ligand' that self-activates the receptor. This triggers complex intracellular signaling via G proteins and beta-arrestins, linking external protease signals to cellular functions. To date, direct structural visualization of these ligand-receptor complexes has been limited. Here, we present structural snapshots of activated PAR1 and PAR2 bound to their endogenous tethered ligands, revealing a shallow and constricted orthosteric binding pocket. Comparisons with antagonist-bound structures show minimal conformational changes in the TM6 helix and larger movements of TM7 upon activation. These findings reveal a common activation mechanism for PAR1 and PAR2, highlighting critical residues involved in ligand recognition. Additionally, the structure of PAR2 bound to a pathway selective antagonist, GB88, demonstrates how potent orthosteric engagement can be achieved by a small molecule mimicking the endogenous tethered ligand's interactions.
History
DepositionNov 4, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseMay 7, 2025-
Map releaseMay 7, 2025-
UpdateMay 21, 2025-
Current statusMay 21, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_47687.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_47687.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 52.7 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesX (Sec.)Y (Row.)Z (Col.)
1.04 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 248.4 Å		1.04 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 248.4 Å		1.04 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 248.4 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.035 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 5.0
Minimum - Maximum-36.560265000000001 - 67.858599999999996
Average (Standard dev.)0.0020602788 (±1.0911336)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderZYX
Origin000
Dimensions240240240
Spacing240240240
CellA=B=C: 248.4 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_47687_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_47687_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Complex of PAR2 with G proteins and GB88

EntireName: Complex of PAR2 with G proteins and GB88
Components
  • Complex: Complex of PAR2 with G proteins and GB88
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Proteinase-activated receptor 2
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha chimera
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: scFv16
  • Ligand: N-[(2S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-{[(2S,3S)-3-methyl-1-oxo-1-(spiro[indene-1,4'-piperidin]-1'-yl)pentan-2-yl]amino}-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-1,2-oxazole-5-carboxamide

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Supramolecule #1: Complex of PAR2 with G proteins and GB88

SupramoleculeName: Complex of PAR2 with G proteins and GB88 / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#5
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 6.504446 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString:
NTASIAQARK LVEQLKMEAN IDRIKVSKAA ADLMAYCEAH AKEDPLLTPV PASENPFRE

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

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Macromolecule #2: Proteinase-activated receptor 2

MacromoleculeName: Proteinase-activated receptor 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 38.150348 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: VDEFSASVLT GKLTTVFLPI VYTIVFVVGL PSNGMALWVF LFRTKKKHPA VIYMANLALA DLLSVIWFPL KIAYHIHGNN WIYGEALCN VLIGFFYGNM YCSILFMTCL SVQRYWVIVN PMGHSRKKAN IAIGISLAIW LLILLVTIPL YVVKQTIFIP A LNITTCHD ...String:
VDEFSASVLT GKLTTVFLPI VYTIVFVVGL PSNGMALWVF LFRTKKKHPA VIYMANLALA DLLSVIWFPL KIAYHIHGNN WIYGEALCN VLIGFFYGNM YCSILFMTCL SVQRYWVIVN PMGHSRKKAN IAIGISLAIW LLILLVTIPL YVVKQTIFIP A LNITTCHD VLPEQLLVGD MFNYFLSLAI GVFLFPAFLT ASAYVLMIRM LRSSAMDENS EKKRKRAIKL IVTVLAMYLI CF TPSNLLL VVHYFLIKSQ GQSHVYALYI VALCLSTLNS CIDPFVYYFV SHDFRDHAKN ALLCRSVRTV KQMQVSLTSK KHS RKSSSY SSSSTTVKTS Y

UniProtKB: Proteinase-activated receptor 2

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Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha chimera

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha chimera
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 41.972578 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA RRELKLLLLG TGESGKSTFI KQMRIIHGSG YSDEDKRGFT KLVYQNIFTA MQAMIRAMD TLKIPYKYEH NKAHAQLVRE VDVEKVSAFE NPYVDAIKSL WNDPGIQECY DRRREYQLSD STKYYLNDLD R VADPAYLP ...String:
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA RRELKLLLLG TGESGKSTFI KQMRIIHGSG YSDEDKRGFT KLVYQNIFTA MQAMIRAMD TLKIPYKYEH NKAHAQLVRE VDVEKVSAFE NPYVDAIKSL WNDPGIQECY DRRREYQLSD STKYYLNDLD R VADPAYLP TQQDVLRVRV PTTGIIEYPF DLQKVNFHMF DVGGQRSERR KWIQCFNDVT AIIFVVDSSD YNRLQEALND FK SIWNNRW LRTISVILFL NKQDLLAEKV LAGKSKIEDY FPEFARYTTP EDATPEPGED PRVTRAKYFI RKEFVDISTA SGD GRHICY PHFTCAVDTE NARRIFNDCK DIILQMNLRE YNLV

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Macromolecule #4: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 37.285734 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: SELDQLRQEA EQLKNQIRDA RKACADATLS QITNNIDPVG RIQMRTRRTL RGHLAKIYAM HWGTDSRLLV SASQDGKLII WDSYTTNKV HAIPLRSSWV MTCAYAPSGN YVACGGLDNI CSIYNLKTRE GNVRVSRELA GHTGYLSCCR FLDDNQIVTS S GDTTCALW ...String:
SELDQLRQEA EQLKNQIRDA RKACADATLS QITNNIDPVG RIQMRTRRTL RGHLAKIYAM HWGTDSRLLV SASQDGKLII WDSYTTNKV HAIPLRSSWV MTCAYAPSGN YVACGGLDNI CSIYNLKTRE GNVRVSRELA GHTGYLSCCR FLDDNQIVTS S GDTTCALW DIETGQQTTT FTGHTGDVMS LSLAPDTRLF VSGACDASAK LWDVREGMCR QTFTGHESDI NAICFFPNGN AF ATGSDDA TCRLFDLRAD QELMTYSHDN IICGITSVSF SKSGRLLLAG YDDFNCNVWD ALKADRAGVL AGHDNRVSCL GVT DDGMAV ATGSWDSFLK IWN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

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Macromolecule #5: scFv16

MacromoleculeName: scFv16 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 26.679721 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS ...String:
DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS NGNTYLYWFL QRPGQSPQLL IYRMSNLASG VPDRFSGSGS GTAFTLTISR LEAEDVGVYY CMQHLEYPLT FG AGTKLEL KAAA

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Macromolecule #6: N-[(2S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-{[(2S,3S)-3-methyl-1-oxo-1-(spiro[indene-1...

MacromoleculeName: N-[(2S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-{[(2S,3S)-3-methyl-1-oxo-1-(spiro[indene-1,4'-piperidin]-1'-yl)pentan-2-yl]amino}-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-1,2-oxazole-5-carboxamide
type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: A1BF3
Molecular weightTheoretical: 546.7 Da

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7
GridModel: Quantifoil / Material: GOLD / Mesh: 300 / Support film - Material: GOLD / Support film - topology: HOLEY / Support film - Film thickness: 50 / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 60 sec.
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS GLACIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: TFS FALCON 4i (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 45.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 200 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.8 µm

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: INSILICO MODEL
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.18 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 301011
Initial angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE

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