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- EMDB-43325: Cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein in complex ... -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-43325
TitleCryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein in complex with human ACE2 (focused refinement of RBD and ACE2)
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein trimer bound to 3 human ACE2 molecules
    • Protein or peptide: Spike protein S1
    • Protein or peptide: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsComplex / VIRAL PROTEIN / VIRAL PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / regulation of vasoconstriction ...positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / regulation of vasoconstriction / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / carboxypeptidase activity / angiotensin maturation / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / Attachment and Entry / metallocarboxypeptidase activity / viral life cycle / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / regulation of cytokine production / regulation of transmembrane transporter activity / blood vessel diameter maintenance / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / brush border membrane / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / metallopeptidase activity / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / endocytic vesicle membrane / regulation of cell population proliferation / virus receptor activity / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / Potential therapeutics for SARS / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / cilium / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / apical plasma membrane / receptor ligand activity / membrane raft / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / symbiont entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / cell surface / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / zinc ion binding / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal ...Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike glycoprotein / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Homo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.77 Å
AuthorsZhu X / Mannar D / Saville J / Poloni C / Bezeruk A / Tidey K / Ahmed S / Tuttle K / Vahdatihassani F / Cholak S ...Zhu X / Mannar D / Saville J / Poloni C / Bezeruk A / Tidey K / Ahmed S / Tuttle K / Vahdatihassani F / Cholak S / Cook L / Steiner TS / Subramaniam S
Funding support Canada, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Canada Excellence Research Chair Award Canada
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2024
Title: Altered receptor binding, antibody evasion and retention of T cell recognition by the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein.
Authors: Dhiraj Mannar / James W Saville / Chad Poloni / Xing Zhu / Alison Bezeruk / Keith Tidey / Sana Ahmed / Katharine S Tuttle / Faezeh Vahdatihassani / Spencer Cholak / Laura Cook / Theodore S ...Authors: Dhiraj Mannar / James W Saville / Chad Poloni / Xing Zhu / Alison Bezeruk / Keith Tidey / Sana Ahmed / Katharine S Tuttle / Faezeh Vahdatihassani / Spencer Cholak / Laura Cook / Theodore S Steiner / Sriram Subramaniam /
Abstract: The XBB.1.5 variant of SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly achieved global dominance and exhibits a high growth advantage over previous variants. Preliminary reports suggest that the success of XBB.1.5 stems from ...The XBB.1.5 variant of SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly achieved global dominance and exhibits a high growth advantage over previous variants. Preliminary reports suggest that the success of XBB.1.5 stems from mutations within its spike glycoprotein, causing immune evasion and enhanced receptor binding. We present receptor binding studies that demonstrate retention of binding contacts with the human ACE2 receptor and a striking decrease in binding to mouse ACE2 due to the revertant R493Q mutation. Despite extensive evasion of antibody binding, we highlight a region on the XBB.1.5 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) that is recognized by serum antibodies from a donor with hybrid immunity, collected prior to the emergence of the XBB.1.5 variant. T cell assays reveal high frequencies of XBB.1.5 spike-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells amongst donors with hybrid immunity, with the CD4 T cells skewed towards a Th1 cell phenotype and having attenuated effector cytokine secretion as compared to ancestral spike protein-specific cells. Thus, while the XBB.1.5 variant has retained efficient human receptor binding and gained antigenic alterations, it remains susceptible to recognition by T cells induced via vaccination and previous infection.
History
DepositionJan 9, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseFeb 14, 2024-
Map releaseFeb 14, 2024-
UpdateFeb 26, 2025-
Current statusFeb 26, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_43325.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_43325.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 244.1 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1 Å/pix.
x 400 pix.
= 400. Å		1 Å/pix.
x 400 pix.
= 400. Å		1 Å/pix.
x 400 pix.
= 400. Å

Surface

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.133
Minimum - Maximum-0.81621677 - 0.9332137
Average (Standard dev.)-0.00022985968 (±0.01171924)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions400400400
Spacing400400400
CellA=B=C: 400.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_43325_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_43325_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein trimer bound to 3 human ACE2 mol...

EntireName: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein trimer bound to 3 human ACE2 molecules
Components
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein trimer bound to 3 human ACE2 molecules
    • Protein or peptide: Spike protein S1
    • Protein or peptide: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein trimer bound to 3 human ACE2 mol...

SupramoleculeName: SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 spike protein trimer bound to 3 human ACE2 molecules
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Macromolecule #1: Spike protein S1

MacromoleculeName: Spike protein S1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Details: XBB.1.5 RBD / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 22.580527 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: PNITNLCPFH EVFNATTFAS VYAWNRKRIS NCVADYSVIY NFAPFFAFKC YGVSPTKLND LCFTNVYADS FVIRGNEVSQ IAPGQTGNI ADYNYKLPDD FTGCVIAWNS NKLDSKPSGN YNYLYRLFRK SKLKPFERDI STEIYQAGNK PCNGVAGPNC Y SPLQSYGF ...String:
PNITNLCPFH EVFNATTFAS VYAWNRKRIS NCVADYSVIY NFAPFFAFKC YGVSPTKLND LCFTNVYADS FVIRGNEVSQ IAPGQTGNI ADYNYKLPDD FTGCVIAWNS NKLDSKPSGN YNYLYRLFRK SKLKPFERDI STEIYQAGNK PCNGVAGPNC Y SPLQSYGF RPTYGVGHQP YRVVVLSFEL LHAPATVCGP KKS

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #2: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

MacromoleculeName: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 70.386992 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: QSTIEEQAKT FLDKFNHEAE DLFYQSSLAS WNYNTNITEE NVQNMNNAGD KWSAFLKEQS TLAQMYPLQE IQNLTVKLQL QALQQNGSS VLSEDKSKRL NTILNTMSTI YSTGKVCNPD NPQECLLLEP GLNEIMANSL DYNERLWAWE SWRSEVGKQL R PLYEEYVV ...String:
QSTIEEQAKT FLDKFNHEAE DLFYQSSLAS WNYNTNITEE NVQNMNNAGD KWSAFLKEQS TLAQMYPLQE IQNLTVKLQL QALQQNGSS VLSEDKSKRL NTILNTMSTI YSTGKVCNPD NPQECLLLEP GLNEIMANSL DYNERLWAWE SWRSEVGKQL R PLYEEYVV LKNEMARANH YEDYGDYWRG DYEVNGVDGY DYSRGQLIED VEHTFEEIKP LYEHLHAYVR AKLMNAYPSY IS PIGCLPA HLLGDMWGRF WTNLYSLTVP FGQKPNIDVT DAMVDQAWDA QRIFKEAEKF FVSVGLPNMT QGFWENSMLT DPG NVQKAV CHPTAWDLGK GDFRILMCTK VTMDDFLTAH HEMGHIQYDM AYAAQPFLLR NGANEGFHEA VGEIMSLSAA TPKH LKSIG LLSPDFQEDN ETEINFLLKQ ALTIVGTLPF TYMLEKWRWM VFKGEIPKDQ WMKKWWEMKR EIVGVVEPVP HDETY CDPA SLFHVSNDYS FIRYYTRTLY QFQFQEALCQ AAKHEGPLHK CDISNSTEAG QKLFNMLRLG KSEPWTLALE NVVGAK NMN VRPLLNYFEP LFTWLKDQNK NSFVGWSTDW SPYADHHHHH HHH

UniProtKB: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

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Macromolecule #4: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 5 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 40.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.5 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.77 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 243720
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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