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- EMDB-36948: Human gamma-secretase in complex with a substrate mimetic -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-36948
TitleHuman gamma-secretase in complex with a substrate mimetic
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Human gamma-secretase
    • Protein or peptide: Nicastrin
    • Protein or peptide: Presenilin-1
    • Protein or peptide: Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A
    • Protein or peptide: Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2
    • Protein or peptide: BOC-VAL-GLY-AIB-VAL-VAL-ILE-AIB-PHE-VAL-AIB-GLY-GLY-GLY-VAL-JUU-LEU-VLM
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: 1,2-DIACYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL
KeywordsComplex / protease / substrate mimetic / MEMBRANE PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Cajal-Retzius cell differentiation / positive regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane / amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process / negative regulation of core promoter binding / positive regulation of coagulation / gamma-secretase complex / aspartic endopeptidase activity, intramembrane cleaving / short-term synaptic potentiation / positive regulation of endopeptidase activity / positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process ...Cajal-Retzius cell differentiation / positive regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane / amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process / negative regulation of core promoter binding / positive regulation of coagulation / gamma-secretase complex / aspartic endopeptidase activity, intramembrane cleaving / short-term synaptic potentiation / positive regulation of endopeptidase activity / positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process / protein catabolic process at postsynapse / Noncanonical activation of NOTCH3 / TGFBR3 PTM regulation / sequestering of calcium ion / Notch receptor processing / central nervous system myelination / synaptic vesicle targeting / negative regulation of axonogenesis / membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis / regulation of resting membrane potential / choline transport / T cell activation involved in immune response / skin morphogenesis / NOTCH4 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus / growth factor receptor binding / dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning / regulation of synaptic vesicle cycle / neural retina development / L-glutamate import across plasma membrane / myeloid dendritic cell differentiation / Regulated proteolysis of p75NTR / metanephros development / regulation of phosphorylation / locomotion / brain morphogenesis / endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis / nuclear outer membrane / amyloid precursor protein metabolic process / smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis / regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation / astrocyte activation involved in immune response / regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway / embryonic limb morphogenesis / aggresome / cell fate specification / skeletal system morphogenesis / glutamate receptor signaling pathway / myeloid cell homeostasis / azurophil granule membrane / regulation of postsynapse organization / ciliary rootlet / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Aspartic endopeptidases / G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Golgi cisterna membrane / positive regulation of amyloid fibril formation / mitochondrial transport / positive regulation of dendritic spine development / positive regulation of receptor recycling / adult behavior / blood vessel development / regulation of neuron projection development / heart looping / amyloid precursor protein catabolic process / cerebral cortex cell migration / protein glycosylation / amyloid-beta formation / negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / endopeptidase activator activity / autophagosome assembly / EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells / smooth endoplasmic reticulum / hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation / neuron development / somitogenesis / negative regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / calcium ion homeostasis / Nuclear signaling by ERBB4 / T cell proliferation / rough endoplasmic reticulum / Notch signaling pathway / regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / neuron projection maintenance / Degradation of the extracellular matrix / NOTCH2 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus / positive regulation of glycolytic process / cellular response to calcium ion / NRIF signals cell death from the nucleus / Activated NOTCH1 Transmits Signal to the Nucleus / cerebellum development / post-embryonic development / thymus development / epithelial cell proliferation / negative regulation of protein phosphorylation / dendritic shaft / apoptotic signaling pathway / astrocyte activation / NOTCH3 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus / PDZ domain binding / neuron migration
Similarity search - Function
Peptidase A22A, presenilin 1 / Gamma-secretase subunit Aph-1 / Gamma-secretase aspartyl protease complex, presenilin enhancer-2 subunit / Aph-1 protein / Presenilin enhancer-2 subunit of gamma secretase / Peptidase A22A, presenilin / Presenilin, C-terminal / Presenilin / Nicastrin / Nicastrin, small lobe ...Peptidase A22A, presenilin 1 / Gamma-secretase subunit Aph-1 / Gamma-secretase aspartyl protease complex, presenilin enhancer-2 subunit / Aph-1 protein / Presenilin enhancer-2 subunit of gamma secretase / Peptidase A22A, presenilin / Presenilin, C-terminal / Presenilin / Nicastrin / Nicastrin, small lobe / Nicastrin / Nicastrin small lobe / Presenilin/signal peptide peptidase / Presenilin, signal peptide peptidase, family
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Presenilin-1 / Nicastrin / Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A / Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / synthetic construct (others)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.6 Å
AuthorsShi YG / Zhou R / Wolfe MS
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)81920108015 China
CitationJournal: Cell Rep / Year: 2024
Title: Familial Alzheimer mutations stabilize synaptotoxic γ-secretase-substrate complexes.
Authors: Sujan Devkota / Rui Zhou / Vaishnavi Nagarajan / Masato Maesako / Hung Do / Arshad Noorani / Caitlin Overmeyer / Sanjay Bhattarai / Justin T Douglas / Anita Saraf / Yinglong Miao / Brian D ...Authors: Sujan Devkota / Rui Zhou / Vaishnavi Nagarajan / Masato Maesako / Hung Do / Arshad Noorani / Caitlin Overmeyer / Sanjay Bhattarai / Justin T Douglas / Anita Saraf / Yinglong Miao / Brian D Ackley / Yigong Shi / Michael S Wolfe /
Abstract: Mutations that cause familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) are found in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin, the catalytic component of γ-secretase, that together produce amyloid β-peptide ...Mutations that cause familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) are found in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin, the catalytic component of γ-secretase, that together produce amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). Nevertheless, whether Aβ is the primary disease driver remains controversial. We report here that FAD mutations disrupt initial proteolytic events in the multistep processing of APP substrate C99 by γ-secretase. Cryoelectron microscopy reveals that a substrate mimetic traps γ-secretase during the transition state, and this structure aligns with activated enzyme-substrate complex captured by molecular dynamics simulations. In silico simulations and in cellulo fluorescence microscopy support stabilization of enzyme-substrate complexes by FAD mutations. Neuronal expression of C99 and/or presenilin-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans leads to synaptic loss only with FAD-mutant transgenes. Designed mutations that stabilize the enzyme-substrate complex and block Aβ production likewise led to synaptic loss. Collectively, these findings implicate the stalled process-not the products-of γ-secretase cleavage of substrates in FAD pathogenesis.
History
DepositionJul 29, 2023-
Header (metadata) releaseJan 31, 2024-
Map releaseJan 31, 2024-
UpdateFeb 28, 2024-
Current statusFeb 28, 2024Processing site: PDBc / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_36948.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_36948.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 125 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.08 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 346.4 Å		1.08 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 346.4 Å		1.08 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 346.4 Å

Surface

Projections

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.0825 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.0128
Minimum - Maximum-0.019394487 - 0.065142624
Average (Standard dev.)0.00016921095 (±0.0016169433)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions320320320
Spacing320320320
CellA=B=C: 346.4 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_36948_msk_1.map
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Half map: #2

Fileemd_36948_half_map_1.map
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Half map: #1

Fileemd_36948_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : Human gamma-secretase

EntireName: Human gamma-secretase
Components
  • Complex: Human gamma-secretase
    • Protein or peptide: Nicastrin
    • Protein or peptide: Presenilin-1
    • Protein or peptide: Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A
    • Protein or peptide: Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2
    • Protein or peptide: BOC-VAL-GLY-AIB-VAL-VAL-ILE-AIB-PHE-VAL-AIB-GLY-GLY-GLY-VAL-JUU-LEU-VLM
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: 1,2-DIACYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL

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Supramolecule #1: Human gamma-secretase

SupramoleculeName: Human gamma-secretase / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#5
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Nicastrin

MacromoleculeName: Nicastrin / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 78.48357 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MATAGGGSGA DPGSRGLLRL LSFCVLLAGL CRGNSVERKI YIPLNKTAPC VRLLNATHQI GCQSSISGDT GVIHVVEKEE DLQWVLTDG PNPPYMVLLE SKHFTRDLME KLKGRTSRIA GLAVSLTKPS PASGFSPSVQ CPNDGFGVYS NSYGPEFAHC R EIQWNSLG ...String:
MATAGGGSGA DPGSRGLLRL LSFCVLLAGL CRGNSVERKI YIPLNKTAPC VRLLNATHQI GCQSSISGDT GVIHVVEKEE DLQWVLTDG PNPPYMVLLE SKHFTRDLME KLKGRTSRIA GLAVSLTKPS PASGFSPSVQ CPNDGFGVYS NSYGPEFAHC R EIQWNSLG NGLAYEDFSF PIFLLEDENE TKVIKQCYQD HNLSQNGSAP TFPLCAMQLF SHMHAVISTA TCMRRSSIQS TF SINPEIV CDPLSDYNVW SMLKPINTTG TLKPDDRVVV AATRLDSRSF FWNVAPGAES AVASFVTQLA AAEALQKAPD VTT LPRNVM FVFFQGETFD YIGSSRMVYD MEKGKFPVQL ENVDSFVELG QVALRTSLEL WMHTDPVSQK NESVRNQVED LLAT LEKSG AGVPAVILRR PNQSQPLPPS SLQRFLRARN ISGVVLADHS GAFHNKYYQS IYDTAENINV SYPEWLSPEE DLNFV TDTA KALADVATVL GRALYELAGG TNFSDTVQAD PQTVTRLLYG FLIKANNSWF QSILRQDLRS YLGDGPLQHY IAVSSP TNT TYVVQYALAN LTGTVVNLTR EQCQDPSKVP SENKDLYEYS WVQGPLHSNE TDRLPRCVRS TARLARALSP AFELSQW SS TEYSTWTESR WKDIRARIFL IASKELELIT LTVGFGILIF SLIVTYCINA KADVLFIAPR EPGAVSY

UniProtKB: Nicastrin

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Macromolecule #2: Presenilin-1

MacromoleculeName: Presenilin-1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
EC number: Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Aspartic endopeptidases
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 52.713535 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MTELPAPLSY FQNAQMSEDN HLSNTVRSQN DNRERQEHND RRSLGHPEPL SNGRPQGNSR QVVEQDEEED EELTLKYGAK HVIMLFVPV TLCMVVVVAT IKSVSFYTRK DGQLIYTPFT EDTETVGQRA LHSILNAAIM ISVIVVMTIL LVVLYKYRCY K VIHAWLII ...String:
MTELPAPLSY FQNAQMSEDN HLSNTVRSQN DNRERQEHND RRSLGHPEPL SNGRPQGNSR QVVEQDEEED EELTLKYGAK HVIMLFVPV TLCMVVVVAT IKSVSFYTRK DGQLIYTPFT EDTETVGQRA LHSILNAAIM ISVIVVMTIL LVVLYKYRCY K VIHAWLII SSLLLLFFFS FIYLGEVFKT YNVAVDYITV ALLIWNFGVV GMISIHWKGP LRLQQAYLIM ISALMALVFI KY LPEWTAW LILAVISVYD LVAVLCPKGP LRMLVETAQE RNETLFPALI YSSTMVWLVN MAEGDPEAQR RVSKNSKYNA EST ERESQD TVAENDDGGF SEEWEAQRDS HLGPHRSTPE SRAAVQELSS SILAGEDPEE RGVKLGLGDF IFYSVLVGKA SATA SGDWN TTIACFVAIL IGLCLTLLLL AIFKKALPAL PISITFGLVF YFATDYLVQP FMDQLAFHQF YI

UniProtKB: Presenilin-1

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Macromolecule #3: Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A

MacromoleculeName: Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 29.017943 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MGAAVFFGCT FVAFGPAFAL FLITVAGDPL RVIILVAGAF FWLVSLLLAS VVWFILVHVT DRSDARLQYG LLIFGAAVSV LLQEVFRFA YYKLLKKADE GLASLSEDGR SPISIRQMAY VSGLSFGIIS GVFSVINILA DALGPGVVGI HGDSPYYFLT S AFLTAAII ...String:
MGAAVFFGCT FVAFGPAFAL FLITVAGDPL RVIILVAGAF FWLVSLLLAS VVWFILVHVT DRSDARLQYG LLIFGAAVSV LLQEVFRFA YYKLLKKADE GLASLSEDGR SPISIRQMAY VSGLSFGIIS GVFSVINILA DALGPGVVGI HGDSPYYFLT S AFLTAAII LLHTFWGVVF FDACERRRYW ALGLVVGSHL LTSGLTFLNP WYEASLLPIY AVTVSMGLWA FITAGGSLRS IQ RSLLCRR QEDSRVMVYS ALRIPPED

UniProtKB: Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A

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Macromolecule #4: Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2

MacromoleculeName: Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 12.038029 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString:
MNLERVSNEE KLNLCRKYYL GGFAFLPFLW LVNIFWFFRE AFLVPAYTEQ SQIKGYVWRS AVGFLFWVIV LTSWITIFQI YRPRWGALG DYLSFTIPLG TP

UniProtKB: Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2

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Macromolecule #5: BOC-VAL-GLY-AIB-VAL-VAL-ILE-AIB-PHE-VAL-AIB-GLY-GLY-GLY-VAL-JUU-L...

MacromoleculeName: BOC-VAL-GLY-AIB-VAL-VAL-ILE-AIB-PHE-VAL-AIB-GLY-GLY-GLY-VAL-JUU-LEU-VLM
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 1.865307 KDa
SequenceString:
(BOC)VG(AIB)VVI(AIB)FV (AIB)GGGV(JUU)L(VLM)

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Macromolecule #8: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 8 / Number of copies: 6 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #9: 1,2-DIACYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE

MacromoleculeName: 1,2-DIACYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE / type: ligand / ID: 9 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: PC1
Molecular weightTheoretical: 790.145 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-PC1:
1,2-DIACYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE / phospholipid*YM

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Macromolecule #10: CHOLESTEROL

MacromoleculeName: CHOLESTEROL / type: ligand / ID: 10 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: CLR
Molecular weightTheoretical: 386.654 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.8 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.5 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Startup modelType of model: PDB ENTRY
PDB model - PDB ID:

6iyc

Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 349532
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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