National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIH/NIDCR)
DP5OD017885
United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
R01GM141044
United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIH/NIDCD)
R01DC018827
United States
Citation
Journal: Sci Adv / Year: 2022 Title: Structural basis for tunable control of actin dynamics by myosin-15 in mechanosensory stereocilia. Authors: Rui Gong / Fangfang Jiang / Zane G Moreland / Matthew J Reynolds / Santiago Espinosa de Los Reyes / Pinar Gurel / Arik Shams / James B Heidings / Michael R Bowl / Jonathan E Bird / Gregory M Alushin / Abstract: The motor protein myosin-15 is necessary for the development and maintenance of mechanosensory stereocilia, and mutations in myosin-15 cause hereditary deafness. In addition to transporting actin ...The motor protein myosin-15 is necessary for the development and maintenance of mechanosensory stereocilia, and mutations in myosin-15 cause hereditary deafness. In addition to transporting actin regulatory machinery to stereocilia tips, myosin-15 directly nucleates actin filament ("F-actin") assembly, which is disrupted by a progressive hearing loss mutation (p.D1647G, ""). Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of myosin-15 bound to F-actin, providing a framework for interpreting the impacts of deafness mutations on motor activity and actin nucleation. Rigor myosin-15 evokes conformational changes in F-actin yet maintains flexibility in actin's D-loop, which mediates inter-subunit contacts, while the mutant locks the D-loop in a single conformation. Adenosine diphosphate-bound myosin-15 also locks the D-loop, which correspondingly blunts actin-polymerization stimulation. We propose myosin-15 enhances polymerization by bridging actin protomers, regulating nucleation efficiency by modulating actin's structural plasticity in a myosin nucleotide state-dependent manner. This tunable regulation of actin polymerization could be harnessed to precisely control stereocilium height.
Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Detector mode: SUPER-RESOLUTION / Digitization - Frames/image: 1-40 / Number grids imaged: 1 / Average exposure time: 10.0 sec. / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
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