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- EMDB-23270: Cryo-EM structure of the N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-23270
TitleCryo-EM structure of the N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140
    • Protein or peptide: Alpha-synuclein
KeywordsN-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation / PROTEIN FIBRIL
Function / homology
Function and homology information


negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone / : / neutral lipid metabolic process / regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process / negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake / response to desipramine / positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process / supramolecular fiber ...negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone / : / neutral lipid metabolic process / regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process / negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake / response to desipramine / positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process / supramolecular fiber / regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling / negative regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy / mitochondrial membrane organization / regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process / negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery / negative regulation of exocytosis / regulation of glutamate secretion / dopamine biosynthetic process / response to iron(II) ion / SNARE complex assembly / regulation of locomotion / positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion / negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process / positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process / regulation of macrophage activation / regulation of norepinephrine uptake / negative regulation of microtubule polymerization / synaptic vesicle transport / transporter regulator activity / synaptic vesicle priming / dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / protein kinase inhibitor activity / mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport / regulation of dopamine secretion / dynein complex binding / negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of receptor recycling / cuprous ion binding / nuclear outer membrane / response to magnesium ion / positive regulation of endocytosis / positive regulation of exocytosis / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / kinesin binding / synaptic vesicle endocytosis / enzyme inhibitor activity / cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity / negative regulation of serotonin uptake / response to type II interferon / regulation of presynapse assembly / alpha-tubulin binding / beta-tubulin binding / phospholipase binding / behavioral response to cocaine / supramolecular fiber organization / phospholipid metabolic process / cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus / inclusion body / axon terminus / Hsp70 protein binding / cellular response to epinephrine stimulus / response to interleukin-1 / regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization / cellular response to copper ion / positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / adult locomotory behavior / SNARE binding / excitatory postsynaptic potential / protein tetramerization / phosphoprotein binding / microglial cell activation / ferrous iron binding / fatty acid metabolic process / regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity / synapse organization / protein destabilization / PKR-mediated signaling / phospholipid binding / receptor internalization / tau protein binding / long-term synaptic potentiation / terminal bouton / positive regulation of inflammatory response / synaptic vesicle membrane / actin cytoskeleton / actin binding / growth cone / cellular response to oxidative stress / neuron apoptotic process / cell cortex / response to lipopolysaccharide / histone binding / microtubule binding / chemical synaptic transmission / molecular adaptor activity / amyloid fibril formation / negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process / mitochondrial outer membrane / oxidoreductase activity
Similarity search - Function
Synuclein / Alpha-synuclein / Synuclein
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodhelical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.2 Å
AuthorsXiaodan N / Ryan PM
Funding support United States, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI) United States
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2021
Title: The N terminus of α-synuclein dictates fibril formation.
Authors: Ryan P McGlinchey / Xiaodan Ni / Jared A Shadish / Jiansen Jiang / Jennifer C Lee /
Abstract: The generation of α-synuclein (α-syn) truncations from incomplete proteolysis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. It is well established that C-terminal truncations ...The generation of α-synuclein (α-syn) truncations from incomplete proteolysis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. It is well established that C-terminal truncations exhibit accelerated aggregation and serve as potent seeds in fibril propagation. In contrast, mechanistic understanding of N-terminal truncations remains ill defined. Previously, we found that disease-related C-terminal truncations resulted in increased fibrillar twist, accompanied by modest conformational changes in a more compact core, suggesting that the N-terminal region could be dictating fibril structure. Here, we examined three N-terminal truncations, in which deletions of 13-, 35-, and 40-residues in the N terminus modulated both aggregation kinetics and fibril morphologies. Cross-seeding experiments showed that out of the three variants, only ΔN13-α-syn (14‒140) fibrils were capable of accelerating full-length fibril formation, albeit slower than self-seeding. Interestingly, the reversed cross-seeding reactions with full-length seeds efficiently promoted all but ΔN40-α-syn (41-140). This behavior can be explained by the unique fibril structure that is adopted by 41-140 with two asymmetric protofilaments, which was determined by cryogenic electron microscopy. One protofilament resembles the previously characterized bent β-arch kernel, comprised of residues E46‒K96, whereas in the other protofilament, fewer residues (E61‒D98) are found, adopting an extended β-hairpin conformation that does not resemble other reported structures. An interfilament interface exists between residues K60‒F94 and Q62‒I88 with an intermolecular salt bridge between K80 and E83. Together, these results demonstrate a vital role for the N-terminal residues in α-syn fibril formation and structure, offering insights into the interplay of α-syn and its truncations.
History
DepositionJan 10, 2021-
Header (metadata) releaseSep 15, 2021-
Map releaseSep 15, 2021-
UpdateJun 4, 2025-
Current statusJun 4, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.007
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 0.007
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-7lc9
  • Surface level: 0.007
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_23270.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_23270.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.83 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 212.48 Å		0.83 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 212.48 Å		0.83 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 212.48 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.83 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.007 / Movie #1: 0.007
Minimum - Maximum-0.027282096 - 0.038887586
Average (Standard dev.)0.000066144785 (±0.00095112773)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 212.48 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z0.830.830.83
M x/y/z256256256
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z212.480212.480212.480
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS256256256
D min/max/mean-0.0270.0390.000

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140

EntireName: N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140
Components
  • Complex: N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140
    • Protein or peptide: Alpha-synuclein

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Supramolecule #1: N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140

SupramoleculeName: N-terminal alpha-synuclein truncation 41-140 / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Alpha-synuclein

MacromoleculeName: Alpha-synuclein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 12 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 10.346242 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
SequenceString:
GSKTKEGVVH GVATVAEKTK EQVTNVGGAV VTGVTAVAQK TVEGAGSIAA ATGFVKKDQL GKNEEGAPQE GILEDMPVDP DNEAYEMPS EEGYQDYEPE A

UniProtKB: Alpha-synuclein

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processinghelical reconstruction
Aggregation statefilament

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 55.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δz: 4.8 Å
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δ&Phi: -1.64 °
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Axial symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.2 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 20867
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING ONLY
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE

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